Every question from this NCERT chapter, with a detailed explanation.
With reference to the Bhakti saints Mirabai and Shankaradeva, consider the following statements: 1. Mirabai was a Rajput princess from Merta who recognized Krishna as her lover. 2. Mirabai's preceptor was Raidas, a leather worker. 3. Shankaradeva was a leading proponent of Vaishnavism in Assam. 4. Shankaradeva's major compositions include the Kirtana-ghosha. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Which Bhakti saint is associated with the establishment of satras and naam ghars?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I (Text Type) | List II (Description) A. Tazkiras | 1. Letters written by Sufi masters B. Malfuzat | 2. Conversations of Sufi saints C. Kashf-ul-Mahjub | 3. Biographical accounts of saints D. Maktubat | 4. Manual on Sufi thought
Consider the following statements regarding the sources used to reconstruct the history of Sufi traditions: 1. Fawa’id-al-Fu’ad is a collection of conversations of Shaikh Nizamuddin Auliya compiled by Amir Hasan Sijzi. 2. Akhbar-ul-Akhyar is a famous tazkira written by Amir Khusrau. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the timeline of religious teachers: 1. Appar and Sambandar lived in Tamil Nadu between c. 1200-1300 CE. 2. Basavanna lived in Karnataka in the twelfth century. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the Jagannatha cult at Puri, consider the following statements: 1. The deity is worshipped as a form of Vishnu. 2. The image of the deity is made of stone. 3. This is an example of the integration of "little" and "great" traditions. Which of the statements given above are correct?
With reference to the relationship between Vedic and Puranic traditions, consider the following statements: 1. The principal deities of the Vedic pantheon like Agni and Indra remained the central figures in the Puranic tradition. 2. Despite discrepancies, the Vedas continued to be revered as authoritative in the Puranic tradition. 3. Those engaged in Tantric practices frequently ignored the authority of the Vedas. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Bhakti tradition in South India: 1. The Nalayira Divyaprabandham is associated with the Alvars. 2. The Tevaram is a collection of poems by Nayanars Appar, Sambandar, and Sundarar. 3. The Chola kings introduced the singing of Tamil Shaiva hymns in temples. 4. The Periya Puranam is a biography of the Alvars. Which of the statements given above are correct?
The sayings composed in Kannada by women and men who joined the Virashaiva movement are known as:
Who among the following was a minister in the court of a Kalachuri ruler and led the Virashaiva movement?
With reference to the Khojahs, consider the following statements: 1. The Khojaki script was derived from the Arabic script. 2. They used the Khojaki script to record their devotional poems. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Arab Muslim traders in Kerala: 1. They adopted the local language, Malayalam. 2. They strictly refused to adopt local customs such as matriliny. 3. Their mosques strictly followed the architectural style of mosques in Arabia without any local influence. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding Sufi silsilas: 1. Sufi lineages were never named after a founding figure. 2. The Chishti order was named after the town of Chisht in central Afghanistan. 3. The Qadiri order was named after Shaikh Abd’ul Qadir Jilani. Which of the statements given above are correct?
With reference to the Khalsa Panth, consider the following statements: 1. It was founded by Guru Gobind Singh. 2. It defined five symbols including uncut hair and a steel bangle. 3. Under Guru Gobind Singh, the community was consolidated as a socio-religious and military force. 4. The foundation of the Khalsa Panth occurred in the late fifteenth century. Which of the statements given above are correct?
The biography of Shaikh Muinuddin Chishti titled Munis al Arwah was written by:
The term ulatbansi is associated with the compositions of which poet-saint?
Consider the following statements regarding Mirabai: 1. She accepted the traditional role of wife and mother after her husband's death. 2. Her biographies have been reconstructed primarily from the bhajans attributed to her. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to Shankaradeva of Assam, consider the following statements: 1. His teachings are known as the Bhagavati dharma. 2. He emphasized the performance of elaborate Vedic sacrifices. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Lingayats and Nayanars: 1. Both traditions originated in South India. 2. Both traditions strictly upheld the caste system. 3. Both traditions were exclusively Shaivite. Which of the statements given above are correct?
In Sufi devotional traditions, the practices known as zikr-i-jali and zikr-i-qalbi are associated with which of the following?
The Akhbar-ul-Akhyar, an important Sufi biographical compendium, was authored by whom?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I (Text) | List II (Author) A. Fawa’id-al-Fu’ad | 1. Al Hujwiri B. Maktubat-i Imam Rabbani | 2. Amir Hasan Sijzi C. Kashf-ul-Mahjub | 3. Mir Khwurd Kirmani D. Siyar-ul-Auliya | 4. Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi
Consider the following statements regarding Chola patronage of Bhakti: 1. The production of bronze sculptures was strictly prohibited during this period. 2. Chola rulers constructed magnificent Shiva temples at Chidambaram and Thanjavur. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I (Saint) | List II (Philosophy/Practice) A. Baba Guru Nanak | 1. Vachanas B. Basavanna | 2. Naam Kirtan C. Nizamuddin Auliya | 3. Nam-simaran D. Shankaradeva | 4. Sama‘
Consider the following statements regarding the relationship between Sufis and the State: 1. The Chishtis maintained absolute isolation from political power and rejected all grants. 2. Sultans set up charitable trusts and granted tax-free land to hospices. 3. Disciples of Nizamuddin Auliya addressed him as sultan-ul-mashaikh. Which of the statements given above are correct?
With reference to the compositions attributed to Kabir, consider the following statements: 1. The Kabir Granthavali is associated with the Kabirpanth in Varanasi. 2. The Kabir Bijak is preserved by the Kabirpanth in Varanasi. 3. His compositions are absent from the Adi Granth Sahib. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the pilgrimage of the Mughal princess Jahanara to Ajmer: 1. She entered the tomb wearing her finest royal jewelry to show respect. 2. She wrote about her pilgrimage in her biography of Shaikh Muinuddin Chishti, titled Munis al Arwah. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to Akbar's visits to the Ajmer dargah, consider the following statements: 1. He visited the tomb fourteen times. 2. He continued visiting the tomb annually until his death in 1605. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the use of languages in Bhakti and Sufi traditions: 1. Baba Farid composed verses exclusively in Persian. 2. The Alvars and Nayanars composed hymns in Tamil. 3. Kabir's poems have survived in only one dialect known as sant bhasha. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the literary style of Kabir, consider the following statements: 1. Ulatbansi are written in a form where everyday meanings are inverted. 2. He strictly avoided using terms drawn from Vedantic traditions. 3. He used terms drawn from Islamic traditions like Allah and Pir. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Sikh scriptures: 1. The Adi Granth Sahib was compiled by Guru Nanak. 2. Guru Gobind Singh included the compositions of Guru Tegh Bahadur in the scripture. 3. The Guru Granth Sahib contains hymns called "gurbani" composed in various languages. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Virashaiva tradition in Karnataka: 1. The movement was led by Basavanna, who was a minister in the court of a Chalukya ruler. 2. The Lingayats practice funerary rites such as cremation as prescribed in the Dharmashastras. 3. The Lingayats strictly upheld the theory of rebirth. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the Khojah community in medieval India, consider the following statements: 1. They are a branch of the Ismaili Shi‘a sect. 2. They developed devotional poems known as ginan which were transmitted in the Sanskrit language only. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements about life in the Chishti khanqah of Shaikh Nizamuddin Auliya: 1. It was located on the banks of the river Yamuna in Ghiyaspur. 2. The langar was funded exclusively by state taxation. 3. The inmates included the family members of the Shaikh and his attendants. Which of the statements given above are correct?
The Persian book Kashf-ul-Mahjub, written to explain the meaning of tasawwuf, was authored by:
In the context of Sufi religious traditions, the term urs is used to denote which of the following?
Which of the following terms denotes "unasked-for charity" on which the Chishti langar was run?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I (Sufi Teacher) | List II (Location of Dargah) A. Shaikh Nizamuddin Auliya | 1. Ajodhan B. Shaikh Bandanawaz Gisudaraz | 2. Delhi C. Shaikh Muinuddin Sijzi | 3. Gulbarga D. Shaikh Fariduddin Ganj-i Shakar | 4. Ajmer
Consider the following statements regarding Amir Khusrau: 1. He introduced the dhrupad style of singing. 2. He was a disciple of Shaikh Nizamuddin Auliya. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I (Saint) | List II (Region) A. Andal | 1. Karnataka B. Lal Ded | 2. Rajasthan C. Basavanna | 3. Kashmir D. Mirabai | 4. Tamil Nadu
The Adi Granth Sahib contains compositions of which of the following saints besides the Sikh Gurus?
Consider the following statements regarding Tantric practices in early medieval India: 1. These practices were strictly confined to the worship of the goddess and had no influence on Shaivism. 2. Practitioners of Tantrism often ignored differences of caste and class within the ritual context. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the Alvars and Nayanars of Tamil Nadu, consider the following statements: 1. The Nalayira Divyaprabandham is an anthology of compositions by the Nayanars. 2. Women devotees like Andal and Karaikkal Ammaiyar renounced their social obligations. 3. The Chola ruler Parantaka I consecrated metal images of Appar, Sambandar, and Sundarar in a Shiva temple. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the terminology used for migrant communities in medieval Sanskrit texts: 1. The term "Muslim" was frequently used in Sanskrit texts between the eighth and fourteenth centuries. 2. Turkish rulers were sometimes designated as Turushka. 3. The term Yavana, originally used for Greeks, was applied to Turks and Afghans. 4. The term mlechchha was used exclusively for people who spoke Sanskrit. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Who among the following sociologists coined the terms "great" and "little" traditions to describe the cultural practices of peasant societies?
The Tevaram, a significant collection of devotional songs in the Tamil Bhakti tradition, consists of the poems of which of the following saints?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I (Term) | List II (Meaning) A. Shahada | 1. Pilgrimage to Mecca B. Zakat | 2. Profession of faith C. Ulama | 3. Alms giving D. Hajj | 4. Scholars of Islamic studies
Consider the following statements regarding the architecture of mosques in medieval India: 1. Building materials and roof designs were strictly uniform across the subcontinent to maintain Islamic purity. 2. The orientation towards Mecca, indicated by the mihrab and minbar, was a universal feature of all mosques. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
In Sufi religious terminology, the term wali is used to describe which of the following?
Who among the following is popularly known as "Data Ganj Bakhsh"?
Which Mughal Emperor offered a huge cauldron to the Ajmer dargah in 1568?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I (Term) | List II (Meaning) A. Khanqah | 1. Disciple B. Pir | 2. Successor C. Khalifa | 3. Hospice D. Murid | 4. Master