The correct option is
2 only
Explanation
The Bhakti movement in South India evolved in distinct phases. The early phase (c. 6th to 9th centuries CE) was led by the Nayanars (devotees of Shiva) and Alvars (devotees of Vishnu) in Tamil Nadu. Later movements, such as Virashaivism, emerged in Karnataka during the 12th century.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect.
Appar (Tirunavukkarasar) and Sambandar (Tirugnanasambandar) were prominent Nayanar saints who lived in Tamil Nadu during the 7th century CE, not between 1200-1300 CE. They were contemporaries of the Pallava King Mahendravarman I and Narasimhavarman I. Their hymns are collected in the Tevaram. - Statement 2 is Correct.
Basavanna was a philosopher, statesman, and social reformer who lived in Karnataka in the 12th century CE (c. 1106-1167 CE). He was a minister in the court of the Kalachuri king Bijjala II and is the founding figure of the Virashaiva (Lingayat) movement, known for its egalitarian principles and the Vachana literature.
Key Takeaway:
The Nayanars and Alvars belong to the early medieval period (7th-9th centuries), whereas Basavanna and the Virashaiva movement belong to the 12th century.