Correct Option
The correct option is 1, 2 and 3 only
Explanation
The Khalsa Panth represents a pivotal transformation in the history of Sikhism, marking the formal institution of the Sikh community as a collective body of initiated Sikhs. It was established to create a distinct socio-religious and military identity to resist persecution and uphold righteousness.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Khalsa Panth was founded by the tenth Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, in 1699 at Anandpur Sahib during the festival of Baisakhi.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The formation of the Khalsa introduced a distinct code of conduct and five physical symbols, known as the Five Ks, which every member of the Khalsa must wear:
- Kesh (uncut hair)
- Kangha (a wooden comb)
- Kara (an iron or steel bangle)
- Kachera (cotton undergarments)
- Kirpan (an iron dagger)
- Statement 3 is Correct: Under Guru Gobind Singh, the Sikh community was consolidated into a socio-religious and military force. This transformation was aimed at creating a community of "Saint-Soldiers" (Sant-Sipahi) capable of defending their faith and fighting against tyranny.
- Statement 4 is Incorrect: The Khalsa Panth was founded in 1699, which falls in the late seventeenth century. The late fifteenth century (late 1400s) corresponds to the era of Guru Nanak Dev, the founder of Sikhism, not the establishment of the Khalsa.
Key Takeaway: The Khalsa Panth was established by Guru Gobind Singh in 1699 (17th Century), institutionalizing the Sikh identity through the Five Ks and transforming the community into a martial order.