NCERT Class 8 Environment & Ecology — Chapter 1: Conservation of plants and animals

Consider the following statements regarding the impact of deforestation on the environment: 1. It decreases the temperature of the earth. 2. It leads to a change in soil properties and texture. 3. It decreases the chances of natural calamities like floods. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding soil and deforestation: 1. The presence of trees significantly accelerates soil erosion. 2. The humus content in the soil decreases when the top layer is removed. 3. Deforestation generally leads to a decrease in the nutrient content of the soil.

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched? 1. Giant Squirrel : Endemic Fauna of Pachmarhi 2. Wild Mango : Endemic Flora of Pachmarhi 3. Sal : Endemic Flora of Pachmarhi Select the correct answer using the code given below:

What is the primary reason for the lowering of the groundwater table in deforested areas?

With reference to the recycling of paper, consider the following statements: 1. It takes only one full-grown tree to make one tonne of paper. 2. Paper can be recycled multiple times. 3. Recycling paper saves energy, water, and reduces the use of harmful chemicals. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

In the context of environmental geography, deforestation is linked to higher flood incidence primarily due to which of the following processes?

With reference to 'Endangered Animals', consider the following statements: 1. These are animals whose numbers are increasing rapidly. 2. Small animals are also at risk of becoming extinct. 3. The Red Data Book maintains a record of such animals. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding 'Reforestation': 1. It is the restocking of destroyed forests by planting new trees. 2. It can only take place through human intervention. 3. The planted trees should generally be of the same species found in that forest. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the 'Satpura National Park': 1. It is the first Reserve Forest of India. 2. Teak is not found in this forest. 3. It contains rock shelters with paintings. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following animals were once found in Satpura National Park? 1. Lions 2. Elephants 3. Wild Buffaloes 4. Barasingha

Consider the following statements regarding 'Reforestation': 1. It is the restocking of destroyed forests. 2. In natural reforestation, human beings play the primary role. 3. We should plant only exotic species different from those found in that forest.

With reference to the regulations governing Wildlife Sanctuaries in India, which one of the following activities is generally permitted for local communities?

Which of the following activities are strictly prohibited in a Wildlife Sanctuary? 1. Grazing by livestock 2. Collecting medicinal plants 3. Poaching or capturing animals 4. Commercial logging Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched regarding the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve? 1. Satpura : National Park 2. Tawa : Reservoir 3. Panarpani : Gate Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements regarding 'Ecosystems': 1. An ecosystem consists only of plants and animals, excluding microorganisms. 2. Non-living components like climate and soil are integral parts of an ecosystem. 3. Killing small animals can significantly affect the ecosystem.

Consider the following statements about 'Migratory Birds': 1. They fly to far away areas because of climatic changes. 2. They migrate primarily to hibernate underground during winter. 3. They migrate because their natural habitat becomes very cold and inhospitable.

Which of the following human activities are prohibited in a Biosphere Reserve's protected areas? 1. Plantation and cultivation are generally prohibited in the protected areas of a Biosphere Reserve. 2. Felling of trees is permitted without restriction in the core zones of a Biosphere Reserve. 3. Hunting and poaching are strictly prohibited in these reserves.

Which of the following is a significant threat to "endemic species"?

Consider the following statements regarding 'Global Warming' and deforestation: 1. Plants take in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. 2. Deforestation results in a decreased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. 3. Carbon dioxide traps heat rays reflected by the earth.

Which of the following is NOT a direct consequence of deforestation?

With reference to the consequences of deforestation, consider the following statements: 1. It leads to an increase in the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere. 2. It causes an increase in the water holding capacity of the soil. 3. It results in an increase in the infiltration rate of water into the ground. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following best describes the process of land degradation often referred to as "desertification" in the context of soil erosion?

Consider the following pairs regarding the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve: 1. Satpura : National Park 2. Bori : Wildlife Sanctuary 3. Pachmarhi : Wildlife Sanctuary 4. Tawa : Reservoir How many of the above pairs are correctly matched according to the text?

In the context of biological conservation, which of the following best defines a "species"?

With reference to 'National Parks', consider the following statements: 1. They are large and diverse enough to protect whole sets of ecosystems. 2. They preserve only the flora and fauna, excluding any historic objects. 3. Grazing and collection of firewood are generally allowed within their boundaries. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to 'Endemic Species', consider the following statements: 1. They are species found universally across all continents. 2. A specific type of plant or animal can be endemic to a zone, a state, or a country. 3. The introduction of new species can affect the natural habitat of endemic species. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

What is the primary objective of the "Red Data Book" published by IUCN?

With reference to the 'Ecosystem', consider the following statements: 1. It consists only of the living components in an area. 2. It includes non-living components such as climate, soil, and river deltas. 3. Small animals like snakes and frogs are considered part of the ecosystem. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding 'Rock Shelters' in Satpura National Park: 1. They are evidences of prehistoric human life in the jungles. 2. Rock paintings are absent in these shelters. 3. No tribals live in the area of Satpura National Park anymore. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, which of the following statements regarding its composition is correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the 'water cycle' and deforestation: 1. Plants need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. 2. Fewer trees result in a decrease in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. 3. An increase in global temperature generally stabilizes the water cycle.

Which statement best describes the process of "natural reforestation"?

With reference to 'Wildlife Sanctuaries', consider the following statements: 1. They provide protection and suitable living conditions to wild animals. 2. Killing or capturing animals is generally permitted in these sanctuaries. 3. They are completely closed to all human activities including grazing and firewood collection.

Consider the following statements regarding 'Biodiversity': 1. It refers to the variety of organisms existing on the earth. 2. It excludes the interrelationships of organisms with each other. 3. It does not include the relationship of organisms with the environment.

Consider the following statements regarding the 'Satpura National Park': 1. It preserves only the flora and fauna, excluding landscape and historic objects. 2. Rock paintings found here depict figures of animals and men fighting, hunting, and dancing. 3. There are more than fifty rock shelters identified in this park.

In ecological studies, a species confined naturally to a particular geographical region is described as:

Consider the following statements regarding 'Reforestation': 1. We should plant at least as many trees as we cut. 2. Reforestation cannot take place naturally without human intervention. 3. The Forest (Conservation) Act aims primarily at the commercial exploitation of natural forests.

Consider the following statements regarding 'Rock Paintings' in Satpura National Park: 1. They provide no information about the life of primitive people. 2. They depict figures of animals and men playing musical instruments. 3. They are found in rock shelters.

In the context of the hydrological cycle, how does the removal of vegetation cover primarily affect the infiltration rate of water?

Which of the following is a consequence of the removal of the top layer of soil?

With reference to ecological terminology used in biodiversity studies, the term endemic species is best described as:

Consider the following statements regarding 'Paper Recycling': 1. Paper can be recycled 5 to 7 times for use. 2. Saving paper has no impact on the number of trees cut down. 3. Recycling paper reduces the amount of harmful chemicals used.

With reference to ecological terminology used in biodiversity studies, the term “fauna” is best described as:

Consider the following statements regarding 'Deforestation' and 'Droughts': 1. Deforestation leads to an increase in temperature on earth. 2. Increased temperature stabilizes the water cycle. 3. A disturbed water cycle leads to increased rainfall and prevents droughts.

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I | List II A. Sanctuary | 1. Source book keeping record of endangered animals B. National Park | 2. Areas where animals are protected from any disturbance to them and their habitat C. Biosphere Reserve | 3. Large areas for conservation of wildlife, plant/animal resources, and tribal life D. Red Data Book | 4. Areas reserved for wildlife to freely use habitats and natural resources

Which one of the following is an example of the endemic flora found in the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve?

Consider the following statements regarding 'Species': 1. Members of a species have common characteristics. 2. Members of a species can reproduce fertile offspring with members of other species. 3. A species is a group of populations incapable of interbreeding.

Consider the following statements regarding the effects of deforestation on soil: 1. Deforestation generally prevents soil erosion. 2. It exposes the lower, hard and rocky layers of soil. 3. It leads to a decrease in the humus content of the soil.

In the context of Earth system science, the term biosphere refers to which of the following zones?

Consider the following statements regarding 'Soil Properties' and deforestation: 1. Physical properties of soil are unaffected by vegetation. 2. Fewer trees result in more soil erosion. 3. Soil erosion removes the fertile top layer.

Which of the following animals are identified as 'Endemic Fauna' of the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve? 1. Bison 2. Indian Giant Squirrel 3. Snow Leopard 4. Asiatic Lion Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements regarding 'Protected Areas': 1. In a Wildlife Sanctuary, grazing is generally allowed. 2. In a National Park, grazing is freely allowed. 3. In a Biosphere Reserve, tribal life is conserved.

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched? | List I | List II 1. | Flora | Plants found in a particular area 2. | Fauna | Animals found in a particular area 3. | Endemic | Species found everywhere 4. | Extinct | Species whose numbers are diminishing Select the correct answer using the code given below:

In the context of adaptive strategies in birds, seasonal migration is undertaken mainly to address which of the following challenges?