The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Reforestation refers to the process of restoring a forest that once existed but was removed or destroyed at some point in the past. It is distinct from afforestation, which involves planting trees in an area that has not historically been a forest.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: Reforestation is scientifically defined as the restocking of destroyed or depleted forests by planting new trees to restore the ecosystem.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Reforestation does not occur only through human intervention. Forests have the capacity to reforest themselves naturally if the deforested area is left undisturbed, allowing natural regeneration and succession to take place.
- Statement 3 is Correct: In ecological restoration, it is a standard principle that the planted trees should generally be of the same species found in that forest. This ensures better survival rates, maintains the original biodiversity, and supports local fauna adapted to those specific tree species.
Key Takeaway
Reforestation is the restoration of a depleted forest, which can be achieved through artificial planting or natural regeneration. It prioritizes the reintroduction of native species to maintain ecological integrity.