The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Paper recycling is a key aspect of solid waste management that involves reprocessing waste paper into new paper products. This process significantly reduces the demand for virgin wood pulp, thereby conserving natural resources and mitigating environmental impact.
Statement 1 is Incorrect: It takes approximately 17 full-grown trees to produce one tonne of paper. The statement that it takes only one tree is factually incorrect and vastly underestimates the impact of paper production on forest resources.
Statement 2 is Correct: Paper can be recycled, but it has a finite lifespan. During the recycling process, the cellulose fibers are chopped and shredded, causing them to shorten. Generally, paper can be recycled 5 to 7 times before the fibers become too short and weak to bond together effectively.
Statement 3 is Correct: Recycling paper is far more resource-efficient than producing virgin paper. It saves significant amounts of energy and water (often cited as saving 40-60% energy and reducing water usage by nearly 90% compared to virgin production). Furthermore, it reduces the need for harmful chemicals, such as chlorine, which are intensively used in the bleaching of virgin wood pulp.
Key Takeaway: Recycling one tonne of paper saves roughly 17 trees and substantial energy and water; however, paper fibers degrade with each cycle and can typically be recycled only 5 to 7 times.