The correct option is A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
Explanation
Protected areas in India are classified based on their legal status, conservation objectives, and the degree of human intervention allowed. These definitions align with standard environmental science classifications regarding the conservation of flora, fauna, and traditional human cultures.
Analysis of Matches
- A. Sanctuary (Wildlife Sanctuary): Matches 2
A Wildlife Sanctuary is an area designated for the protection of particular species. The defining characteristic in this context is that it is an area where animals are protected from any disturbance to them and their habitat. Limited human activity (like harvesting timber or minor forest produce) may be allowed provided it does not interfere with the well-being of the wildlife. - B. National Park: Matches 4
A National Park provides a higher degree of protection than a sanctuary. It is an area reserved for wildlife to freely use habitats and natural resources. In a National Park, human activities such as grazing, forestry, and cultivation are strictly prohibited to ensure the ecological integrity of the entire ecosystem. - C. Biosphere Reserve: Matches 3
Biosphere Reserves are large areas of protected land meant for the conservation of wildlife, plant and animal resources, and the traditional life of the tribals living in the area. They are designed to manage the conflict between development and conservation, consisting of Core, Buffer, and Transition zones. - D. Red Data Book: Matches 1
The Red Data Book is the sourcebook published by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) that keeps a record of endangered animals and plants. It tracks the conservation status of species globally.
Key Takeaway
Biosphere Reserves are distinct for including the conservation of "traditional tribal life" and covering large landscapes. National Parks offer strict protection for ecosystems, while Sanctuaries focus on species-specific protection with limited human rights.