It comprises one National Park and two Wildlife Sanctuaries
Explanation
Biosphere Reserves are extensive areas of bio-cultural landscapes designated for the conservation of biodiversity, promoting sustainable development, and facilitating research. The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve is a prominent conservation area located in the Satpura Range of Madhya Pradesh.
Composition of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve:
- The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve was designated in 1999 and included in the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves in 2009.
- It geographically encompasses three distinct wildlife conservation units:
- One National Park: Satpura National Park (designated as the core zone).
- Two Wildlife Sanctuaries: Bori Sanctuary and Pachmarhi Sanctuary.
Analysis of Options:
- It contains no designated National Parks is incorrect: The reserve explicitly contains Satpura National Park.
- It comprises two National Parks and one Wildlife Sanctuary is incorrect: The composition includes only one National Park, not two.
- It comprises one National Park and two Wildlife Sanctuaries is correct: This accurately describes the administrative composition of the reserve (1 NP + 2 WLS).
- It is exclusively a Tiger Reserve is incorrect: While the area overlaps with the Satpura Tiger Reserve, the Biosphere Reserve is a broader designation defined by the specific inclusion of the National Park and the two Wildlife Sanctuaries.
Key Takeaway: The Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve in Madhya Pradesh comprises Satpura National Park, Bori Wildlife Sanctuary, and Pachmarhi Wildlife Sanctuary.