The pulley consists of a rim (mass M) and two rods (each mass M) forming a diameter structure.
The moment of inertia is: I=Irim+Irods=MR2+2×3MR2=35MR2.
For the Atwood pulley system, applying Newton's second law:
Mass m (upward): T1=m(g−a)
Mass M (downward): T2=M(g+a)
Pulley rotation: T2R−T1R=Iα=35MR2⋅Ra
Thus: T2−T1=35Ma
Substituting: M(g+a)−m(g−a)=35Ma
(M−m)g+(M+m)a=35Ma
(M−m)g=a(35M−M−m)=a(32M−m)
a=32M−3m(M−m)g=2M+3m3(M−m)g, which is option (2).