Using conservation of momentum:
m1v1+m2v2=(m1+m2)vf where v2=−30 m/s (opposite direction).
15(10)+25(−30)=40vf⇒vf=−15 m/s
Initial kinetic energy:
KEi=21(15)(10)2+21(25)(30)2=750+11250=12000 J
Final kinetic energy:
KEf=21(40)(15)2=4500 J
Heat produced:
Q=12000−4500=7500 J =4.27500=1785.71 cal
Temperature rise:
ΔT=mtotal⋅cQ=40×311785.71=1.44°C