By conservation of mechanical energy, the total energy of the body at infinity is zero.
When the body reaches the surface of the earth, its potential energy is −RGMm and kinetic energy is k=21mv2.
0=k−RGMm
k=RGMm=mgR
Substituting m=1 kg, g=9.8 m/s2, and R=6400×103 m:
k=1×9.8×6400×103=6.272×107 J
The velocity v is given by 21mv2=k.
v=2gR=2×9.8×6400×103
v=125.44×106=11.2×103 m/s =11.2 km/s
Answer: 11.2 km/s; 6.27×107 J