The variation of acceleration due to gravity with the rotation of Earth can be written as
g′=g−ω2Rcos2λ...(1)
Substitute 0∘ for λ for equatorial position to obtain the acceleration due to gravity.
g′==g−ω2Rcos20∘g−ω2R
Substitute 90∘ for λ for polar position to obtain the acceleration due to gravity.
g′==g−ω2Rcos290∘g
The above two equations show that the effect on acceleration due to gravity is maximum at the equator and minimum at pole.