Potassium permanganate decomposes when heated, the oxidation state of manganese changes as the oxidation state of KMnO4 is +7 decomposes to potassium manganate which oxidation state is +6 and manganese dioxide its oxidation state is +4.
It is a redox reaction in which Mn which undergo both oxidation and reduction such type of reaction is known as a disproportionation reaction.
2KMnO4→513KK2MnO4+MnO2+O2