Every question from this NCERT chapter, with a detailed explanation.
Consider the following statements regarding the relationship between economic growth and poverty reduction in India: 1. Until the early eighties, there was little per capita income growth and not much reduction in poverty. 2. Since the eighties, India's economic growth has been one of the fastest in the world. 3. There is a strong link between economic growth and poverty reduction. Which of the following statements are correct ?
With reference to the 'Child-Adolescent Mortality' indicator of the NMPI, a household is considered deprived if:
Consider the following statements regarding the 'School Attendance' indicator in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index: 1. A household is deprived if any school-aged child is not attending school. 2. It applies to children up to the age at which they would complete their class. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Nutrition' indicator of the National Multidimensional Poverty Index: 1. A household is deprived if any man between 15-54 years is undernourished. 2. A household is deprived if any woman between 15-49 years is undernourished. 3. A household is deprived if any child between 0-59 months is undernourished. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements regarding the impact of the Green Revolution on poverty: 1. It created many job opportunities in the agriculture sector. 2. It led to a significant increase in agricultural productivity in selected states. 3. It completely eradicated poverty from all rural areas of India. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Electricity' indicator in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index: 1. A household is deprived if it has no electricity. 2. A household is considered deprived if it experiences any power cut during the year. 3. Using solar power for electricity is considered a deprivation. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Child-Adolescent Mortality' indicator: 1. It looks at deaths in the household in the five-year period preceding the survey. 2. It considers mortality only among children under 5 years of age. 3. It accounts only for deaths caused by accidents. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Which of the following is an objective of the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana besides providing clean fuel?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Sanitation' indicator: 1. Sharing an improved sanitation facility with other households prevents deprivation. 2. A household is deprived if it has no sanitation facility. 3. A household is deprived if it uses an unimproved sanitation facility. Which of the following statements are correct ?
"The current anti-poverty strategy of the government is based broadly on two factors." What are these two factors?
Consider the following statements regarding the concept of 'Social Exclusion' in the context of poverty: 1. It is a process through which individuals are excluded from facilities and opportunities that others enjoy. 2. It is considered only as a consequence of poverty, never as a cause. 3. The working of the caste system in India is a typical example of social exclusion. Which of the following statements are correct ?
With reference to the concept of 'Vulnerability' to poverty, consider the following 1. It describes the greater probability of certain communities or individuals becoming or remaining poor. 2. It is determined solely by the lack of income at a specific point in time. 3. It involves analyzing the ability of groups to handle risks like natural disasters. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'Poverty Line' in the context of development economics?
Consider the following statements regarding the calorie requirement for poverty estimation in India: 1. The accepted average calorie requirement is higher in urban areas than in rural areas. 2. The difference in calorie requirement is based on the fact that rural people engage in more physical work. 3. The monetary expenditure per capita needed for these calories is higher in urban areas. Which of the following statements are correct ?
With reference to the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (NMPI), consider the following: 1. It is calculated based on three broad indicators: health, education, and standard of living. 2. It replaces the consumption expenditure-based poverty measurement in India. 3. It captures deprivations directly rather than through income levels. Which of the following statements are correct?
Which of the following is NOT one of the twelve indicators used in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (NMPI)?
With reference to the causes of poverty in India, consider the following statements: 1. The policies of the colonial government discouraged the development of industries like textiles. 2. The Green Revolution's impact was limited to only some parts of India. 3. Unequal distribution of land and other resources has been a major reason for income inequalities. Which of the following statements are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005: 1. It aims to provide 150 days of wage employment to every household. 2. One-third of the proposed jobs are reserved for women. 3. It aims at sustainable development to address causes of drought and deforestation. Which of the following statements are correct ?
With reference to the 'Housing' indicator under the National Multidimensional Poverty Index, a household is considered deprived if:
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Assets' indicator in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index: 1. A household is considered deprived in assets if it does not own a car or truck and owns zero or only one small asset. 2. Ownership of a mobile phone alone is sufficient to be considered non-deprived in assets. 3. Owning a car is not considered while calculating deprivation in assets. Which of the following statements are correct ?
With reference to the 'Years of Schooling' indicator in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index, a household is deprived if:
Consider the following statements regarding the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): 1. The SDGs were proposed by the World Bank to end poverty by 2050. 2. SDG 1 targets reducing the proportion of people living in poverty by at least half by 2030. 3. The goals are universal and apply to all countries, whether developed or developing. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Maternal Health' indicator in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index: 1. It considers women who have given birth in the 5 years preceding the survey. 2. A household is deprived if the woman received assistance from a doctor. 3. It includes women of all ages regardless of reproductive status. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements regarding the decline of poverty in India: 1. The proportion of multidimensional poor declined from 25% in 2015-16 to 15% in 2019-21. 2. Deprivation against various indicators has declined more sharply in urban areas than in rural areas. 3. About 13.5 crore people escaped multidimensional poverty between 2015 and 2021. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements about the 'Drinking Water' indicator in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index: 1. A household is deprived only if it has no access to bottled water. 2. A household is deprived if safe drinking water is at least a 30-minute walk from home (round trip). 3. A household is deprived if the drinking water source is unprotected. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Sanitation' indicator in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index: 1. A household is deprived if it has no sanitation facility. 2. Sharing an improved sanitation facility with other households does not count as deprivation. 3. A household is deprived if the sanitation facility is not air-conditioned. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Cooking Fuel' indicator in the National Multidimensional Poverty Index: 1. A household is deprived if it cooks with dung. 2. A household is deprived if it cooks with agricultural crops or shrubs. 3. A household is deprived if it cooks with charcoal or coal. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements regarding the role of economic growth in poverty reduction: 1. Economic growth widens opportunities. 2. It provides resources needed to invest in human development. 3. It encourages people to send children to school in hope of better economic returns. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Match the following schemes with their objectives: Scheme | Objective 1. PM Poshan | Improve nutritional requirement and school enrolment 2. PM Ujjwala Yojana | Provide clean cooking fuel to poor households 3. PM Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan | Reduce maternal and infant mortality 4. MGNREGA | Provide 100 days of wage employment Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Which of the following best describes the 'Head Count Ratio' (HCR)?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Assets' indicator: 1. Owning a bicycle and a radio prevents a household from being deprived if they don't own a car. 2. Owning only a mobile phone makes a household deprived if they don't own a car. 3. Owning a car prevents deprivation regardless of other assets. Which of the following statements are correct ?
What is the main reason for the high calorie requirement in rural areas compared to urban areas?
Consider the following statements regarding the implementation of land reforms in India: 1. Land reforms were primarily aimed at increasing the land holdings of large farmers. 2. The implementation of these reforms has been uneven across different states. 3. Effective implementation could have improved the life of millions of rural poor. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Which organization calculates the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (NMPI) in India?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Cooking Fuel' indicator: 1. Using LPG prevents deprivation. 2. Using wood causes deprivation. 3. Using charcoal causes deprivation. Which of the following statements are correct ?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'Housing' indicator: 1. A floor made of natural materials indicates deprivation. 2. A roof made of rudimentary materials indicates deprivation. 3. A wall made of rudimentary materials indicates deprivation. Which of the following statements are correct ?