Given a radioactive isotope decays into a stable element,
X→Y
At time t=0, [x]=N0, [y]=0
At time t=t, [x]=N0−x, [y]=x
xN0−x=71⇒x=87N0
So, remaining nuclei of X=N0−x=8N0=23N0
So, three half-life periods would have been passed,
⇒t=3t21=3×1.4×109=4.2×109 years.