Let the maximum current for full-scale deflection of the voltmeter be Ig.
Ig=RvV1=x20
To increase the measuring range to V2=30 V, a resistance R must be connected in series with the voltmeter.
V2=Ig(Rv+R)
30=x20(x+R)
30x=20x+20R
10x=20R
R=2x Ω
Thus, a resistor of 2x Ω should be connected in series with the voltmeter.
Answer: connect resistor of 2x Ω, in series with voltmeter.