The formula to calculate the energy confined within the electric component of an electromagnetic wave can be written as
uE=21ϵ0E2dV...(1)
Let's assume that the equation of the electric component is given by
E=E0sin(ωt+ϕ)...(2)
Substitute the expression for the electric field component from equation (2) into equation (1) and simplify to obtain the expression for the energy confined within the small volume dV.
uE===21ϵ0[E0sin(ωt+ϕ)]2dV21ϵ0E02sin2(ωt+ϕ)dV41ϵ0E02[1−cos(2ωt+2ϕ)]...(3)
From equation (3), it can be concluded that the frequency of oscillation of the energy confined within a small volume is double the frequency of the wave.