Let resistance S is connected with galvanometer of resistance G, than
IG=R+GV

Now, as shown below figure a shunt S is connected in parallel with the galvanometer for half deflection in it, that is IG′=2IG, than
I=R+G+SGSV

As, shunt and galvanometer are in parallel then VG=VS
IG′G=(I−IG′)S
⇒IG′(G+S)=IS
⇒2IG=G+SIS(∵IG′=2IG)
On, substituting the values of IG and I in above equation
2(R+G)V=R+G+SGSV×G+SS
⇒2(R+G)1=R(G+S)+GSS
⇒R(G+S)+GS=2S(R+G)
⇒RG+RS+GS=2S(R+G)
⇒RG=2S(R+G)−S(R+G)
⇒RG=S(R+G)