Every question from this NCERT chapter, with a detailed explanation.
With reference to the development of regional cultures in early medieval India, consider the following statements regarding the Chera kingdom: 1. The Chera kingdom of Mahodayapuram was established in the ninth century in the south-western part of the peninsula. 2. The rulers of this kingdom used only Sanskrit in their official inscriptions. 3. The temple theatre of the region borrowed stories from the Sanskritic epics. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the literary text Lilatilakam: 1. It is a twelfth-century text dealing with astronomy. 2. It was composed in the Manipravalam style, which literally refers to "diamonds and corals". 3. It represents the synthesis of Sanskrit and the regional language. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the Jagannatha cult in Orissa, consider the following statements: 1. The deity Jagannatha was originally a local god who was later identified with Vishnu. 2. In the twelfth century, King Anangabhima III decided to erect a temple for Purushottama Jagannatha at Puri. 3. King Anantavarman dedicated his kingdom to the deity and proclaimed himself as the "deputy" of the god. 4. The Mughals and the Marathas attempted to gain control over the temple to make their rule acceptable to local people. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
With reference to the tradition of miniature painting in India, consider the following statements: 1. The earliest miniatures were painted on palm leaves or wood. 2. The Mughal emperors strictly prohibited the painting of historical accounts. 3. The decline of the Mughal Empire led to the complete disappearance of the miniature tradition in northern India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which one of the following rulers is specifically credited with patronizing Kathak and elevating it to a major art form in the nineteenth century?
Consider the following pairs regarding regional art forms and their characteristics: Art Form | Characteristic/Region 1. Basohli | Bold and intense style of miniature painting 2. Kangra | Soft colours and lyrical treatment of themes 3. Kuchipudi | Classical dance of Kerala 4. Lilatilakam | Grammar text in Manipravalam Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
With reference to the development of the Kangra school of painting, consider the following statements: 1. It developed in the mid-eighteenth century after the invasion of Nadir Shah forced Mughal artists to migrate to the hills. 2. The source of inspiration for this style was primarily the Shaivite traditions. 3. It is distinguished by soft colours, including cool blues and greens, and a lyrical treatment of themes. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Bengali literature: 1. Early Bengali literature consists exclusively of translations from Sanskrit. 2. The Sanskrit-indebted texts include Mangalakavyas and bhakti literature like biographies of Chaitanyadeva. 3. The texts belonging to the second category circulated orally and cannot be dated precisely. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the temple architecture in Bengal, consider the following statements: 1. The temples were modelled on the massive stone structures of Odisha. 2. In the four-roofed structure, four triangular roofs placed on the four walls move up to converge on a curved line or a point. 3. The outer walls of these temples were strictly plain, while the interiors were heavily decorated with terracotta tablets. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Nath literature of Bengal: 1. It includes songs of Maynamati and Gopichandra. 2. It contains stories concerning the worship of Dharma Thakur. 3. It represents a literary tradition that was independent of Sanskrit influence. 4. It was primarily popular in the western parts of Bengal where Brahmanical influence was strong. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?
Consider the following pairs regarding the classical dances of India as recognized today: Dance Form | State 1. Bharatanatyam | Tamil Nadu 2. Kathakali | Kerala 3. Odissi | Odisha 4. Kuchipudi | Karnataka Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
The thirteenth-century Sanskrit text 'Brihaddharma Purana' is significant in the context of Bengal because:
With reference to the linguistic history of Bengal, consider the following statements: 1. The Chinese traveller Xuan Zang observed that languages related to Sanskrit were in use all over Bengal in the seventh century. 2. From the eighth century, Bengal came under the control of the Rashtrakutas. 3. Persian was the language of administration in Bengal during the Mughal period. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Chera kingdom: 1. It was part of the present-day state of Tamil Nadu. 2. The temple theatre of this period borrowed stories from the Sanskritic epics. 3. The first literary works in Malayalam are dated to about the twelfth century. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
The 'double-roofed' (dochala) and 'four-roofed' (chauchala) structures are characteristic features of:
Consider the following statements regarding the evolution of Malayalam: 1. It is likely that Malayalam was spoken in the area of Mahodayapuram in the ninth century. 2. The Cheras strictly prohibited the use of regional languages in official records. 3. The first literary works in Malayalam show no influence of Sanskrit. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the painting styles in the Himalayan foothills: 1. By the late seventeenth century, the region developed a bold and intense style called Basohli. 2. The Kangra school of painting developed only in the twentieth century. 3. The Kangra style was characterized by soft colours including cool blues and greens. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Who among the following rulers dedicated his kingdom to the deity Jagannatha and proclaimed himself as the 'deputy' of the god?
With reference to the Bengali language, consider the following statements: 1. Bengali evolved directly from the Dravidian family of languages. 2. Early Sanskrit texts suggest that people of Bengal did not speak Sanskritic languages in the mid-first millennium BCE. 3. A wide range of non-Sanskrit words from tribal, Persian, and European sources have become part of modern Bengali. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the spread of Kathak: 1. By the third quarter of the nineteenth century, it was firmly entrenched as a dance form only in Rajasthan and Lucknow. 2. Emphasis was laid on intricate and rapid footwork and elaborate costumes. 3. It focused solely on abstract movement and did not involve the enactment of stories. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following pairs regarding the location of specific temples/styles: Temple/Style | Location 1. Jagannatha Temple | Puri 2. Terracotta Temples | Vishnupur 3. Lakshmana Temple | Khajuraho 4. Lilatilakam composition | Mahodayapuram Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
With reference to the Mughal influence on painting, consider the following statements: 1. Mughal emperors patronised painters who illustrated manuscripts with historical accounts and poetry. 2. Mughal paintings were strictly monochromatic, using only black ink. 3. Mughal artistic tastes influenced the regional courts of the Deccan and the Rajput capitals. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the text 'Lilatilakam', which of the following statements is correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Bengal temple architecture: 1. The four-roofed structure is known as dochala. 2. In a chauchala structure, four triangular roofs placed on the four walls move up to converge on a curved line or a point. 3. Temples were usually built on a square platform. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
The migration of Mughal artists to the Himalayan foothills in the mid-eighteenth century contributed to the development of which school of painting?
Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of the Basohli style of painting?
Consider the following statements regarding the Chera kingdom's language policy: 1. The Chera kingdom was established in the ninth century. 2. They used the Telugu language in their inscriptions. 3. This was the first time a regional language was used in official records in North India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
The literary style known as 'Manipravalam' is associated with which of the following works?
Which of the following Mughal Emperors annexed Bengal to the empire in 1586?
Consider the following pairs regarding the dance forms and their regions: Dance Form | Region 1. Kathak | North India 2. Bharatanatyam | Tamil Nadu 3. Kathakali | Kerala 4. Manipuri | Odisha Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
With reference to the miniature paintings, what happened after the invasion of Nadir Shah in 1739? 1. Mughal artists migrated to the hills to escape the uncertainties of the plains. 2. The Basohli school of painting was founded as a result of this migration. 3. The Mughal artistic tastes influenced the local styles in the hills. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
The Sanskrit text 'Brihaddharma Purana' is historically associated with which region?
In the context of literary history, what is the literal meaning of the term 'Manipravalam'?