Correct Option
The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Bengal temple architecture developed a distinct identity by incorporating elements from the local vernacular style of thatched huts. This evolution was characterized by the use of brick and terracotta, as stone was scarce in the region. The architectural forms are primarily classified based on the structure of their roofs.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. The terminology for the roof structures is based on the number of sloping sides. A structure with two sloping roofs is known as dochala (derived from "do," meaning two). A structure with four sloping roofs is known as chauchala.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The chauchala design mimics a four-sided thatched hut. In this structure, four triangular roof segments are placed on the four walls. These segments slope upward to converge at a curved line or a central point, often creating a dome-like interior while maintaining a hut-like exterior profile.
- Statement 3 is Correct. These temples were typically constructed on a square platform. While the interiors were relatively plain, the outer walls were often elaborately decorated with terracotta panels depicting religious and mythological scenes.
Key Takeaway: The defining characteristic of Bengal temple architecture is the adaptation of the bamboo-and-thatch hut form into brick masonry, specifically distinguished by the dochala (two-roofed) and chauchala (four-roofed) styles.