Every question from this NCERT chapter, with a detailed explanation.
Archaeological findings of 'ring wells' in early Indian cities suggest their primary function was:
Which agricultural innovation is considered a primary factor in the rise of production in the Ganga valley during the 6th century BCE?
Consider the following statements regarding the development of agriculture in early historic India: 1. Irrigation works such as canals, wells, and artificial lakes were built to support flourishing villages. 2. The use of iron axes helped in clearing forests for expanding cultivation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the social structure in the Tamil region during the early historic period: 1. Large landowners were known as vellalar. 2. Ordinary ploughmen were known as adimai. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements with reference to the ancient Tamil society: 1. The term kadaisiyar referred to landless labourers. 2. The term uzhavar referred to large landowners. 3. The term adimai included slaves. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the Sangam literature, consider the following statements: 1. It represents the earliest works in Tamil composed around 2300 years ago. 2. The texts were compiled in assemblies of poets held in the city of Kanchipuram. 3. The terms for different categories of people in villages are found in this literature. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
In the context of the ancient Tamil society (Sangam age), the term 'Uzhavar' referred to:
In the Sangam period social structure, the term 'Adimai' denoted:
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I | List II A. Vellalar | 1. Ploughman B. Uzhavar | 2. Landless labourer C. Kadaisiyar | 3. Large landowner D. Adimai | 4. Slave
In the agrarian structure of ancient northern India, the village headman was traditionally known as:
Consider the following statements regarding the Grama bhojaka: 1. The post was usually hereditary, held by men from the same family for generations. 2. He was strictly prohibited from performing police or judicial functions. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the Dasa karmakara: 1. They were independent farmers with small landholdings. 2. They had to earn a living by working on fields owned by others. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the village social structure in ancient India: 1. The Grama bhojaka was often the largest landowner in the village. 2. The King often used the Grama bhojaka to collect taxes from the village. 3. Grihapatis were landless labourers who served the Grama bhojaka. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the Jatakas, consider the following statements: 1. They were stories probably composed by ordinary people. 2. They were written down and preserved by Buddhist monks. 3. They provide evidence about the lives of people in early cities and villages. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below: List I | List II A. Grama bhojaka | 1. Landless labourer B. Grihapati | 2. Village headman C. Dasa karmakara | 3. Independent farmer D. Crafts person | 4. Blacksmith/Weaver
The ancient Greek text 'Periplus of the Erythraean Sea' refers to which Indian port as 'Barygaza'?
Consider the following statements regarding the trade at Barygaza: 1. Gold and silver coins were among the imports. 2. Cotton and silk were among the exports. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the special gifts brought by merchants for the king at Barygaza: 1. They included vessels of silver and fine wines. 2. Singing boys and beautiful women were also presented as gifts. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which of the following were listed as imports into Barygaza by the Greek sailor? 1. Wine 2. Copper and Tin 3. Ivory 4. Coral and Topaz Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A poem from the Sangam collection describes merchants carrying "white paddy" to exchange it for: 1. Gold 2. Salt 3. Pepper Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
According to ancient accounts, which of the following commodities was a major export from the port of Barygaza?
Which of the following items is listed as a major import into the port of Barygaza in ancient trade records?
The 'punch-marked coins', considered the earliest coinage in the Indian subcontinent, were predominantly made of:
Consider the following statements regarding punch-marked coins: 1. They were in use for about 500 years. 2. They were always perfectly circular in shape. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the religious history of Mathura, consider the following statements: 1. It had Buddhist monasteries. 2. It had Jaina shrines. 3. It was an important centre for the worship of Krishna. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding inscriptions found in Mathura: 1. They are generally short inscriptions recording gifts. 2. They mention occupations such as goldsmiths, basket makers, and garland makers. 3. They were made exclusively by kings and queens, not by ordinary people. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Mathura served as the second capital for which of the following ancient dynasties?
Consider the following statements regarding the manufacture of Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW): 1. The potter exposed the earthenware to very high temperature in the kiln. 2. A fine black slip was applied to give it a mirror-like shine. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding cloth manufacture in early India: 1. Varanasi in the north and Madurai in the south were famous centres. 2. Only men were allowed to work in these centres. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
How was the interest earned from money deposited in Shrenis utilized? 1. It was returned to the depositor. 2. It was used to support religious institutions such as monasteries. 3. It was used to buy weapons for the army. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
In the context of ancient Indian economy, the term 'Shreni' refers to:
The Arthashastra prescribes which of the following punishments for a woman failing to complete her assigned work in a spinning workshop?
The archaeological site of Arikamedu, an ancient trading centre, is located in:
Consider the following statements regarding "Arretine Ware" found at Arikamedu: 1. It is a type of stamped red-glazed pottery. 2. It was named after a city in Italy. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which of the following evidences indicate industrial activity at Arikamedu? 1. Dyeing vats used to dye cloth. 2. Evidence of bead making from semi-precious stones and glass. 3. Large iron smelting furnaces. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the inscriptions found on pottery at Arikamedu: 1. They are written in the Brahmi script. 2. The language used in these inscriptions is Tamil. 3. They are known as Tamil-Brahmi inscriptions. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which Roman Emperor is credited with the claim that he found Rome a "city of brick" and left it a "city of marble"?
Consider the following statements regarding the labour of women as described in the Arthashastra: 1. Nuns and mothers of courtesans could be employed for processing wool and cotton. 2. Payment was fixed regardless of the quality and quantity of work. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which of the following factors contributed to the growth of villages and kingdoms around 2500 years ago? 1. Use of iron ploughshare. 2. Transplantation of paddy. 3. Development of irrigation works like canals and tanks. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the economic landscape of early historic India: 1. Coastal towns like Arikamedu participated in long-distance maritime trade. 2. Inland cities like Mathura served as nodes for travel and trade routes. 3. Associations called Shrenis organized trade and craft production. 4. Coins were not yet in use, and barter was the only mode of exchange. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Sangam literature describes salt merchants (Umanar) primarily transporting their goods using:
Inscriptions from Mathura recording donations to religious establishments are primarily found on:
Consider the following statements regarding the Grama bhojaka: 1. He was never a landowner himself. 2. He hired slaves and workers to cultivate his land. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?