The correct option is (c) Both 1 and 2.
Explanation
Arikamedu (near Puducherry) was a significant coastal settlement and trade centre in ancient India, functioning as a major port for Indo-Roman trade between 2200 and 1900 years ago. Excavations at this site have yielded various Roman artifacts, including pottery, beads, and glassware, providing evidence of extensive maritime commerce.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: Arretine Ware is a distinctive type of stamped, red-glazed pottery. It was manufactured by pressing wet clay into a stamped mould, which allowed for intricate relief designs on the surface. This pottery is characterized by its glossy red finish and high quality.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The pottery is named after the city of Arretium (modern-day Arezzo) in Italy, where it was originally produced. The discovery of this ware at Arikamedu serves as archaeological evidence of direct trade contacts between the Roman Empire and South India.
Key Takeaway:
Arretine Ware is a red-glazed Roman pottery found at Arikamedu, named after Arretium (Italy), serving as a crucial indicator of the flourishing Indo-Roman trade during the Early Historic period.