NEET UG 2010 — Chemistry Organic Chemistry

(A) $1^{\circ}$1∘ amines give a bad smelling compound, called carbylamine, with alcoholic $\mathrm{KOH}$KOH and $\mathrm{CHCl}_3$CHCl3​. The reaction is called carbylamine reaction. $$\begin{aligned} & \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2 \stackrel{\mathrm{CHCl}_3+\text { alc } \mathrm{KOH}}{\longrightarrow} \\ & \mathrm{CH}_3\left(\mathrm{CH}_2\right)_3 \mathrm{NC} \\ & \text { bad smelling } \\ & \end{aligned}$$​CH3​CH2​CH2​CH2​NH2​⟶CHCl3​+ alc KOH​CH3​(CH2​)3​NC bad smelling ​ (B) Terminal alkynes like $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{CH}$CH3​C≡CH give white precipitate with ammoniacal $\mathrm{AgNO}_3$AgNO3​. $$\begin{array}{r} \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{CH}+\mathrm{AgNO}_3+\mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{OH} \longrightarrow \\ \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{C} \equiv \mathrm{CAg} \\ \text { white ppt } \end{array}$$CH3​C≡CH+AgNO3​+NH4​OH⟶CH3​C≡CAg white ppt ​ (C) Ester $\left(\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{COOCH}_3\right)$(CH3​CH2​COOCH3​) undergoes alkaline hydrolysis. $$\begin{array}{r} \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{COOCH}_3+\mathrm{NaOH} \longrightarrow \\ \mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{COONa}+\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{OH} \end{array}$$CH3​CH2​COOCH3​+NaOH⟶CH3​CH2​COONa+CH3​OH​ (D) $2^{\circ}$2∘ alcohols (the alcohols that have $\mathrm{CH}_3 \mathrm{CHOH}$CH3​CHOH - group) give cloudiness with Lucas reagent (anhy $\mathrm{ZnCl}_2+$ZnCl2​+ conc $\mathrm{HCl}$HCl ) within 5 minutes.