Every question from this NCERT chapter, with a detailed explanation.
With reference to the concept of 'adaptation' in living organisms, consider the following statements: 1. It refers to the small changes that take place in the body of a single organism over a short period to overcome changes in the surroundings. 2. It involves specific features or habits that enable an organism to live naturally in a place. 3. It is a rapid process that occurs within a few days. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
What does the term 'acclimatisation' refer to in a biological context?
Consider the following statements regarding the components of a habitat: 1. The organisms, both plants and animals, living in a habitat constitute its biotic components. 2. Rocks and soil are considered biotic components of a habitat. 3. Sunlight and heat are classified as abiotic components of a habitat. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the germination of seeds, consider the following statements based on abiotic factors: 1. Seeds can germinate in the complete absence of air and water. 2. Light and heat are abiotic factors that influence the growth of plants. 3. Abiotic factors are important for all living organisms. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Consider the following specific features of a camel that help it survive in desert conditions: 1. They excrete a small amount of urine to conserve water. 2. They sweat profusely to keep their bodies cool. 3. They have very short legs to keep their bodies close to the ground. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which behavioral adaptation allows desert animals like rats and snakes to survive intense daytime heat?
With reference to desert plants, consider the following statements: 1. Leaves are either absent, very small, or modified into spines. 2. The stem is generally thin and porous to allow water loss. 3. Photosynthesis in some desert plants is carried out by the green stem. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
What is the primary physiological function of the modified leaves (spines) in cactus plants?
Consider the following statements regarding the root systems of desert plants: 1. Some desert plants have roots that grow very deep into the soil. 2. Their roots are always confined to the topsoil layer. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to trees found in mountain regions, consider the following statements: 1. They typically have a broad, flat canopy like plains trees. 2. They have sloping branches. 3. Their leaves are often needle-like. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Which of the following pairs of mountain animals and their specific adaptations is/are correctly matched? 1. Yak : Long hair to keep warm 2. Snow Leopard : Thick fur on body and feet 3. Mountain Goat : Strong hooves for running up rocky slopes
What is the adaptive significance of the thick fur on the feet and toes of a snow leopard?
With reference to the lion as a predator in grasslands, consider the following statements: 1. It has a light brown colour that helps it hide in dry grasslands. 2. Its eyes are placed on the side of its head to allow it to look in all directions. 3. Their claws are permanently extended and cannot be withdrawn. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following features of a deer living in forests and grasslands: 1. Strong teeth for chewing hard plant stems. 2. They have very small ears which restrict their hearing ability. 3. Eyes on the side of the head. Which of the above features help the deer to detect and escape from predators?
In the context of predator adaptations, what is the primary advantage of having eyes placed on the front of the face, as seen in lions?
With reference to aquatic animals, consider the following statements: 1. All sea animals have a streamlined shape to move easily in water. 2. Squids and octopuses make their body shapes streamlined when they move in water. 3. Gills are the primary respiratory organs in most fish. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Consider the following statements about fish adaptations: 1. They have slippery scales that protect the fish and help in easy movement. 2. Fins and tails are primarily used to anchor the fish to the seabed. 3. Gills help them use oxygen from the air above the water surface. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which one of the following marine organisms typically inhabits the seabed and lacks a streamlined body shape?
With reference to aquatic plants, consider the following statements regarding their structure: 1. In aquatic plants, roots are much reduced in size. 2. The main function of roots in aquatic plants is to absorb nutrients from the water. 3. The stems of these plants are long, hollow, and light. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following adaptations of submerged aquatic plants: 1. In submerged plants, the leaves float on the surface of the water. 2. Some plants have narrow and thin ribbon-like leaves. 3. Leaves are often highly divided to allow water to flow without damaging them. Which of the statements given above are correct?
What is the primary functional advantage of hollow and light stems in aquatic plants?
Consider the following statements about frogs as organisms of pond habitats: 1. They can stay both inside the water and on land. 2. They have weak back legs which restrict their movement to crawling. 3. They lack webbed feet, making them poor swimmers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to respiration in plants, consider the following statements: 1. Exchange of gases mainly takes place through tiny pores in the leaves. 2. Plants carry out respiration only during the night when photosynthesis stops. 3. The amount of oxygen released during food preparation is much more than the oxygen used in respiration. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following examples of responses to stimuli: 1. Cockroaches are attracted to bright light and move towards it. 2. Flowers of some plants closing after sunset. 3. Leaves of Mimosa plant folding when touched. Which of the statements given above are correct?
With reference to excretion in plants, consider the following statements: 1. Plants do not excrete waste products like animals do. 2. Some plants store waste products within their parts in a way that does not harm the plant. 3. Plants cannot remove waste products through secretions. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the movement in plants: 1. Plants are generally anchored in soil and do not show locomotion. 2. There is no movement of water or minerals within the plant body. 3. Opening and closing of flowers is a form of movement. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
What is the primary biological significance of reproduction for a species?
Consider the following statements about the 'biotic' components of a forest: 1. Dead animals and dry leaves are considered biotic components. 2. Plants and animals are considered biotic components. 3. Microorganisms are considered biotic components. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the body structure of fish: 1. The streamlined shape helps them move inside water. 2. Scales are absent in all fish species. 3. Fins are primarily used for respiration. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Why do aquatic plants typically possess a reduced or poorly developed root system?
Consider the following statements about the interaction between biotic and abiotic factors: 1. Abiotic factors influence the adaptation of biotic components. 2. Abiotic factors do not change over time. 3. Organisms that cannot adapt to changing abiotic factors die. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding the habitat of Yaks: 1. They are found in deserts. 2. They have long hair to keep them warm. 3. They are adapted to mountain habitats. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Which morphological adaptation helps trees in mountain regions withstand heavy snowfall?
How are the leaves of certain submerged aquatic plants adapted to withstand water currents?
Consider the following statements about the 'touch-me-not' (Mimosa) plant: 1. It is an example of a plant responding to stimuli. 2. Its leaves remain rigid and do not move when touched. 3. It is a desert plant adapted to conserve water. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which one of the following statements correctly characterizes the life cycle of living organisms?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the stems of desert plants like cactus? 1. They are covered with a thick waxy layer. 2. They lack chlorophyll and cannot perform photosynthesis. 3. They are modified to store water. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
In an ecological context, what does the term 'habitat' refer to?
Consider the following statements regarding the 'prey-predator' relationship in grasslands: 1. In a grassland ecosystem, the lion is considered a primary consumer. 2. A deer is a prey. 3. Prey animals usually have eyes on the side of their heads. Which of the statements given above are correct?
What is the primary reason for the development of deep root systems in desert flora?
Consider the following statements about the 'streamlined' shape: 1. It helps animals move inside water. 2. It is a feature exclusively found in fish and not in mammals like whales. 3. Squids and octopuses maintain a streamlined shape even when resting. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which of the following statements about 'reproduction' is correct? 1. Reproduction is a characteristic feature of all living organisms. 2. Animals can only reproduce by giving birth to young ones. 3. Plants can reproduce through parts other than seeds. Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Consider the following statements regarding the 'saline' environment: 1. Aquatic plants in the sea are surrounded by fresh water. 2. Most sea organisms use air dissolved in water. 3. Camels cannot live in the sea because they are not adapted to saline water. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Consider the following statements about 'transpiration' in desert plants: 1. It is the process of water loss from leaves. 2. Desert plants have adaptations to increase transpiration. 3. Spines in cactus are primarily for increasing the rate of transpiration. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements about 'biotic' and 'abiotic' interactions: 1. Animals depend on plants for food. 2. Plants can synthesize food without the need for abiotic factors like light. 3. Abiotic factors affect the survival of biotic components. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Which phenomenon demonstrates that stored seeds continue to undergo respiration?
Which physical adaptation is characteristic of the mountain goat for surviving in its habitat?