The correct option is 2 only
Explanation
The Virupaksha Temple, located in Hampi (the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire), is dedicated to Lord Virupaksha, a form of Shiva. While the shrine existed centuries before the founding of the Vijayanagara Empire, it was significantly expanded and renovated during the reign of the Vijayanagara rulers, particularly Krishnadeva Raya.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The hall in front of the main shrine, known as the Ranga Mandapa, was built by Krishnadeva Raya in 1510 A.D. to commemorate his accession to the throne. It is adorned with bas-reliefs and pillared structures characteristic of the Vijayanagara style.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The majestic eastern gopuram (gateway tower) was also constructed by Krishnadeva Raya, not the Chola kings. While the temple site has ancient origins dating back to the 9th-10th centuries (including influences from Chalukyas and Hoysalas), the prominent architectural features visible today, including the main gopuram, are largely Vijayanagara additions.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The central shrine (garbhagriha) is the oldest part of the temple. However, due to the extensive additions of pillared halls (mandapas), gopurams, and subsidiary shrines by later rulers, the central shrine occupies a relatively small part of the entire temple complex, rather than the largest. The complex expanded outward around the original shrine.
Key Takeaway:
Krishnadeva Raya significantly contributed to the Virupaksha Temple by constructing the Ranga Mandapa and the Eastern Gopuram to mark his accession in 1510 A.D.