With reference to the preservation of Vijayanagara, consider the following statements: 1. Conservation began under John Marshall in 1902. 2. Hampi was declared a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 2010. 3. The site was surveyed by the Archaeological Survey of India. Which of the statements given above are correct?

The correct option is 1 and 3 only . Explanation The ruins of Hampi, the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire, were brought to light in 1800 by Colonel Colin Mackenzie. While initial documentation was done by surveyors and photographers, systematic conservation and preservation efforts were institutionalized much later under the British administration and subsequently by the Government of India. Statement-wise Analysis - Statement 1 is Correct: Systematic conservation of the Vijayanagara ruins began in 1902 under John Marshall, the then Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). His tenure marked a shift towards the active preservation of Indian heritage sites. - Statement 2 is Incorrect: The Group of Monuments at Hampi was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986, not 2010. This recognition highlighted the site's outstanding universal value as a center of the Vijayanagara Empire. - Statement 3 is Correct: While the initial survey map was prepared by Colin Mackenzie in 1800, the site has been extensively surveyed, excavated, and maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and the Karnataka Department of Archaeology and Museums over the 20th century to the present day. Key Takeaway: The rediscovery of Hampi is attributed to Colin Mackenzie (1800), while formal conservation efforts began under John Marshall (1902). It became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986.

With reference to the preservation of… - NCERT Class 12 History MCQ

NCERT Class 12 History — Chapter 3: An Imperial Capital: Vijayanagara (c. 14th - 16th centuries)

mcqmedium

With reference to the preservation of Vijayanagara, consider the following statements:

Conservation began under John Marshall in 1902.
Hampi was declared a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 2010.
The site was surveyed by the Archaeological Survey of India.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

NCERT textbook question

From NCERT Themes in Indian History - 2 · Page 193

Options

A1 and 2 only
B2 only
C1 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is

1 and 3 only

Explanation

The ruins of Hampi, the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire, were brought to light in 1800 by Colonel Colin Mackenzie. While initial documentation was done by surveyors and photographers, systematic conservation and preservation efforts were institutionalized much later under the British administration and subsequently by the Government of India.

Statement-wise Analysis

Statement 1 is Correct: Systematic conservation of the Vijayanagara ruins began in 1902 under John Marshall, the then Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). His tenure marked a shift towards the active preservation of Indian heritage sites.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: The Group of Monuments at Hampi was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986, not 2010. This recognition highlighted the site's outstanding universal value as a center of the Vijayanagara Empire.
Statement 3 is Correct: While the initial survey map was prepared by Colin Mackenzie in 1800, the site has been extensively surveyed, excavated, and maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and the Karnataka Department of Archaeology and Museums over the 20th century to the present day.

Key Takeaway: The rediscovery of Hampi is attributed to Colin Mackenzie (1800), while formal conservation efforts began under John Marshall (1902). It became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986.

Your note

More from Chapter 3: An Imperial Capital: Vijayanagara (c. 14th - 16th centuries)

Consider the following statements regarding the ruling dynasties of the Vijayanagara Empire: 1. The Sangama dynasty was the first dynasty to exercise control over the empire. 2. The Tuluva dynasty was replaced by the Saluva dynasty. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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With reference to the reign of Krishnadeva Raya, consider the following statements: 1. He acquired the land between the Tungabhadra and Krishna rivers in 1512. 2. He is credited with building the suburban township of Gangaikondacholapuram. 3. His rule was characterized by expansion and consolidation. Which of the statements given above are correct?

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After the sack of Vijayanagara in 1565, the Aravidu dynasty ruled from which of the following places?

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With reference to the obligations of the amara-nayakas, consider the following statements: 1. They were prohibited from maintaining any military contingent. 2. They collected taxes from peasants, craftspersons, and traders. 3. They retained a part of the revenue for personal use and maintaining their contingent. Which of the statements given above are correct?

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Consider the following statements regarding the titles used in popular traditions of Vijayanagara: 1. The Deccan Sultans were termed as ashvapati. 2. The Gajapati rulers of Orissa were termed as narapati. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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