Rajendra Prasad
Explanation
The Constituent Assembly was constituted in November 1946 under the scheme formulated by the Cabinet Mission Plan. The leadership of the Assembly was established during its inaugural sessions to oversee the drafting of the Constitution.
Detailed Analysis:
- Temporary President: The Constituent Assembly held its first meeting on December 9, 1946. Following the French practice, Dr. Sachchidanand Sinha, the oldest member, was elected as the temporary President.
- Permanent President: On December 11, 1946, Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the permanent President of the Constituent Assembly.
- Vice-Presidents: H.C. Mukherjee and V.T. Krishnamachari were elected as the Vice-Presidents of the Assembly.
Clarification on Other Options:
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar: He was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee (appointed on August 29, 1947), not the President of the Assembly.
- Jawaharlal Nehru: He moved the historic 'Objectives Resolution' in the Assembly on December 13, 1946.
- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel: He chaired key committees such as the Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights and Minorities.
Key Takeaway:
Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the President of the Constituent Assembly (the presiding officer), whereas Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee (the body responsible for drafting the text).