Which of the following functions are performed by a constitution in a democracy? 1. It generates a degree of trust and coordination among diverse people. 2. It specifies how the government will be constituted. 3. It lays down limits on the powers of the government. 4. It expresses the aspirations of the people about creating a good society. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

The correct option is (d). Explanation A constitution serves as the supreme law of a land, defining the fundamental principles by which a state is governed. It establishes the relationship between the citizens and the state, as well as among the citizens themselves. Statement-wise Analysis: - Statement 1 is Correct: A constitution provides a set of basic rules that allow for minimal coordination and assurance amongst members of a society. This generates the degree of trust necessary for diverse groups to coexist and cooperate. - Statement 2 is Correct: It specifies the basic allocation of power in a society. It determines who has the authority to make decisions and how the government will be constituted. - Statement 3 is Correct: It lays down limits on the powers of the government to ensure that the state does not become authoritarian. These limits are often enshrined as fundamental rights that the government cannot violate. - Statement 4 is Correct: It enables the government to fulfill the aspirations of a society and create conditions for a just society. For instance, the Indian Constitution embodies aspirations for equality, liberty, and justice. Key Takeaway: The four fundamental functions of a constitution are to facilitate coordination and trust, define decision-making powers, limit government authority, and express the collective aspirations of the people.

NCERT Class 9 Political Science — Chapter 2: Constitutional design

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Which of the following functions are performed by a constitution in a democracy?

It generates a degree of trust and coordination among diverse people.
It specifies how the government will be constituted.
It lays down limits on the powers of the government.
It expresses the aspirations of the people about creating a good society.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

A1, 2 and 3 only
B2, 3 and 4 only
C1 and 4 only
D1, 2, 3 and 4

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is (d).

Explanation

A constitution serves as the supreme law of a land, defining the fundamental principles by which a state is governed. It establishes the relationship between the citizens and the state, as well as among the citizens themselves.

Statement-wise Analysis:

Statement 1 is Correct: A constitution provides a set of basic rules that allow for minimal coordination and assurance amongst members of a society. This generates the degree of trust necessary for diverse groups to coexist and cooperate.
Statement 2 is Correct: It specifies the basic allocation of power in a society. It determines who has the authority to make decisions and how the government will be constituted.
Statement 3 is Correct: It lays down limits on the powers of the government to ensure that the state does not become authoritarian. These limits are often enshrined as fundamental rights that the government cannot violate.
Statement 4 is Correct: It enables the government to fulfill the aspirations of a society and create conditions for a just society. For instance, the Indian Constitution embodies aspirations for equality, liberty, and justice.

Key Takeaway: The four fundamental functions of a constitution are to facilitate coordination and trust, define decision-making powers, limit government authority, and express the collective aspirations of the people.

Your note

More from Chapter 2: Constitutional design

Consider the following statements regarding the relationship between democracy and constitutions: 1. All countries that have a constitution are necessarily democratic. 2. All countries that are democratic will have a constitution. 3. The practice of having a written constitution became common only after the Russian Revolution. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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The "supreme law" of a country that determines the relationship among people living in a territory and also the relationship between the people and government is known as:

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What was the total membership of the Constituent Assembly of India immediately following the partition?

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Consider the following statements about the working of the Constituent Assembly: 1. The Drafting Committee was chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad. 2. The members deliberated for 114 days spread over three years. 3. More than two thousand amendments were considered during the drafting process. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Consider the following statements about the preamble of the US Constitution: 1. It begins with the phrase "We, the States of the United States". 2. It aims to form a "more perfect union". 3. It explicitly mentions "Justice" and "Liberty" as core values. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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The correct option is (d).

Explanation

Statement-wise Analysis:

Statement 1 is Correct: A constitution provides a set of basic rules that allow for minimal coordination and assurance amongst members of a society. This generates the degree of trust necessary for diverse groups to coexist and cooperate.
Statement 2 is Correct: It specifies the basic allocation of power in a society. It determines who has the authority to make decisions and how the government will be constituted.
Statement 3 is Correct: It lays down limits on the powers of the government to ensure that the state does not become authoritarian. These limits are often enshrined as fundamental rights that the government cannot violate.
Statement 4 is Correct: It enables the government to fulfill the aspirations of a society and create conditions for a just society. For instance, the Indian Constitution embodies aspirations for equality, liberty, and justice.