The correct option is Hiriya canal.
Explanation
The Vijayanagara Empire (specifically its capital, Hampi) is noted for its sophisticated hydraulic engineering. The city's location in the arid Deccan plateau necessitated an elaborate system of tanks, canals, and dams to harness the waters of the Tungabhadra River for irrigation and urban consumption.Detailed Analysis:
- Hiriya Canal: This is one of the most prominent waterworks in the Hampi region. It drew water from a dam constructed across the Tungabhadra River. The canal was specifically designed to irrigate the cultivated valley that separated the "sacred centre" (area containing temples like Virupaksha) from the "urban core" (area containing royal residences and administrative buildings). It is attributed to the kings of the Sangama dynasty.
- Kamalapuram Tank: While this was another crucial water source built in the early 15th century, its primary function was to irrigate nearby fields and supply water to the "Royal Centre" through a channel. It did not specifically serve the valley separating the sacred and urban cores in the manner described.
- Daroji Tank and Madurai Channel: These do not fit the specific geographical and functional description provided in the question regarding the separation of the sacred and urban zones.
Key Takeaway:
The Hiriya Canal is the specific hydraulic structure that utilized Tungabhadra water to irrigate the agricultural zone lying between the sacred and urban centers of the Vijayanagara capital.