Move the High Court or Supreme Court directly.
Explanation
The Right to Constitutional Remedies is enshrined in Article 32 of the Constitution of India. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar described this article as the "heart and soul" of the Constitution because it renders Fundamental Rights justiciable. It guarantees the right to move the Supreme Court for the enforcement of these rights. Additionally, Article 226 empowers High Courts to issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
- Approach the District Collector for immediate relief. is incorrect: The District Collector is an executive and administrative authority. While they handle grievance redressal in administrative capacities, they do not have the constitutional jurisdiction to issue prerogative writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
- Move the High Court or Supreme Court directly. is correct: A citizen whose Fundamental Rights have been violated has the option to approach the Supreme Court directly under Article 32 or the High Court under Article 226. Both courts have concurrent jurisdiction to issue writs (Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo-Warranto) for the enforcement of these rights.
- Appeal only to the National Human Rights Commission. is incorrect: The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is a statutory body with recommendatory and investigative powers. It is not a court of record and cannot issue binding judicial writs to enforce Fundamental Rights.
- File a complaint with the Prime Minister's Office. is incorrect: The Prime Minister's Office is part of the Executive branch. It does not exercise judicial review powers to adjudicate on constitutional violations.
Key Takeaway:
Article 32 itself is a Fundamental Right, making the Supreme Court the guarantor and defender of Fundamental Rights. Article 226 provides a wider writ jurisdiction to High Courts, but it is a constitutional right, not a Fundamental Right.