The correct option is (a).
Explanation
The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is a statutory body established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. It acts as a watchdog for the protection and promotion of human rights in India.
Statement 1 is Correct:
The Chairperson and members of the NHRC are appointed by the President of India. These appointments are made on the recommendations of a high-powered committee consisting of the Prime Minister (Head), the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, Leaders of the Opposition in both Houses of Parliament, and the Union Home Minister.
Statement 2 is Incorrect:
The Commission is a multi-member body consisting of a Chairperson and other members. The Chairperson must be a retired Chief Justice of India or a Judge of the Supreme Court. The members include serving or retired Judges of the Supreme Court, serving or retired Chief Justices of High Courts, and persons having knowledge or practical experience in matters relating to human rights. It does not consist exclusively of serving police officers.
Statement 3 is Incorrect:
The NHRC has specific powers regarding court interventions and reporting:
- It can intervene in any proceeding involving any allegation of violation of human rights pending before a court, with the approval of such court.
- It submits annual and special reports to the Central Government and to the State Governments concerned. These reports are laid before the respective legislatures along with a memorandum of action taken.
Key Takeaway:
The NHRC is a statutory body appointed by the President upon the recommendation of a selection committee. It comprises judicial and expert members and possesses the power to intervene in court proceedings and submit reports to the government.