Right to move freely and reside in any part of the territory of India
Explanation
The "Right to Freedom" is enshrined in Articles 19 to 22 of the Constitution of India. Specifically, Article 19 guarantees six fundamental freedoms to all citizens, subject to reasonable restrictions imposed by the State on grounds specified in the Constitution.
Option Analysis:
- Right to move freely and reside in any part of the territory of India is Correct: This option combines two distinct rights guaranteed under Article 19. Article 19(1)Right to practice any profession without technical qualifications guarantees the right to move freely throughout the territory of India, and Article 19(1)(e) guarantees the right to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India.
- Right to acquire, hold, and dispose of property without restriction is Incorrect: The right to acquire, hold, and dispose of property (formerly Article 19(1)(f)) was deleted from the list of Fundamental Rights by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978. It is now a legal right under Article 300-A.
- Right to strike and organize bandhs against the government is Incorrect: While Article 19(1)Right to strike and organize bandhs against the government guarantees the right to form associations or unions, the Supreme Court has ruled that this does not imply a fundamental right to strike or organize bandhs. Such activities can be regulated or prohibited by statutory laws.
- Right to practice any profession without technical qualifications is Incorrect: Article 19(1)(g) guarantees the right to practice any profession or carry on any occupation, trade, or business. However, under Article 19(6), the State is empowered to prescribe professional or technical qualifications necessary for practicing any profession. Thus, the right is not absolute or "without technical qualifications."
Key Takeaway:
Article 19 guarantees freedom of movement and residence to citizens. It does not include the right to property (which is a legal right), the right to strike, or the right to practice a profession without the requisite technical qualifications.