The correct Answer is A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
Explanation
This question tests knowledge of ancient Indian terminology, specifically titles and terms used to denote rulers or foreign groups, which are often encountered in historical texts and inscriptions.
Statement-wise Analysis
- A. Narapati - 4. Lord of men
Correct: The term 'Narapati' (Nara + pati) literally translates to 'lord of men' or 'king'. This title was used by various rulers in ancient and medieval India to signify their sovereignty over people.
- B. Gajapati - 3. Lord of elephants
Correct: The term 'Gajapati' (Gaja + pati) means 'lord of elephants'. This title was notably adopted by the rulers of the Gajapati Dynasty of Odisha, signifying their military strength, particularly their elephant corps.
- C. Ashvapati - 1. Lord of horses
Correct: The term 'Ashvapati' (Ashva + pati) means 'lord of horses'. This title indicated a ruler's command over a strong cavalry force, which was a significant component of military power in ancient India.
- D. Yavana - 2. Greeks/People from North West
Correct: The term 'Yavana' was used in ancient Indian texts to refer to people of Greek origin or those coming from the North-Western regions, particularly after Alexander's invasion. It broadly encompassed Hellenistic rulers and their subjects.
Key Takeaway
Understanding the etymology and historical context of ancient Indian titles like Narapati, Gajapati, Ashvapati, and terms like Yavana is crucial for interpreting historical sources.