Correct Option
The correct option is (c) 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
The Right to Constitutional Remedies is enshrined in Article 32 of the Indian Constitution. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar described this article as the "heart and soul" of the Constitution because it provides the machinery for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights. Without this remedy, the rights provided in Part III would be meaningless.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) is itself a Fundamental Right included in Part III of the Constitution. It guarantees the right to move the Supreme Court by appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of the rights conferred by this Part.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Article 32 does not deal with the power to amend the Constitution. The power to amend the Constitution is vested in the Parliament under Article 368. Article 32 is strictly limited to the enforcement of Fundamental Rights and does not grant the State powers to remedy constitutional defects through amendments.
- Statement 3 is Correct: The primary purpose of Article 32 is to empower citizens to approach the Supreme Court directly if their Fundamental Rights are violated by the State. It acts as a protection for the individual against the arbitrary actions of the State.
Key Takeaway
Article 32 confers the right to remedies for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights, making the Supreme Court the guarantor and defender of these rights. It is a basic feature of the Constitution and cannot be taken away even by constitutional amendment.