Correct Option
The correct option is (a).
Explanation
The Indian Constitution is a comprehensive legal document designed to function as the fundamental law of the land. It is characterized as a "living document," possessing the inherent capacity to evolve and adapt to changing societal, political, and economic circumstances while maintaining legal precision.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Constitution is not a static entity. It was drafted with the foresight that future generations would need to adapt it to new challenges. Through the amendment process, it allows for evolution and modification, ensuring it remains relevant over time.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The Constitution describes institutional arrangements in precise legal language rather than poetic or vague terms. This legalistic approach ensures clarity in the distribution of powers, rights, and duties, minimizing ambiguity for the judiciary and the executive.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The Constitution does not prohibit changes; rather, it explicitly provides for Constitutional Amendments under Article 368. While the Supreme Court has ruled that the "Basic Structure" of the Constitution cannot be altered, the document itself is flexible and open to amendment to preserve its vitality.
Key Takeaway: The Indian Constitution is a dynamic legal framework that balances stability with flexibility, allowing for amendments to address changing needs without compromising its core identity.