The correct option is 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
The Consumer Protection Act (COPRA), specifically the 2019 amendment which replaced the 1986 Act, establishes the legal framework for protecting the rights of consumers-one of the primary economic agents in a market economy. It sets up a quasi-judicial machinery for the speedy redressal of consumer disputes.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. The Consumer Protection Act covers both goods and services. The definition of "service" is comprehensive and includes sectors such as banking, insurance, transport, telecom, energy, and housing construction. It only excludes services rendered free of charge or under a contract of personal service.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The Consumer Protection Act, 2019, introduced the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA). This regulatory body is empowered to initiate class action suits to protect the rights of a class of consumers, enforce consumer rights, and penalize misleading advertisements or unfair trade practices.
- Statement 3 is Correct. The 2019 Act explicitly brings transactions made via the internet (e-commerce) and direct selling within its ambit. It defines "e-commerce" and imposes obligations on e-commerce entities to prevent unfair trade practices and ensure grievance redressal.
Key Takeaway:
The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 applies to both goods and services, explicitly regulates e-commerce transactions, and empowers the CCPA to initiate class action suits for the collective protection of consumer rights.