The correct option is 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Dynastic succession in political parties refers to the practice where leadership and power are concentrated within a single family and passed down from one generation to the next. This practice is often cited as a significant challenge to the functioning of internal democracy within political parties.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. Dynastic succession typically hinders the rise of the most qualified individuals. By prioritizing lineage over merit, it restricts opportunities for ordinary workers and talented leaders to ascend to top positions, thereby compromising the quality of leadership.
- Statement 2 is Correct. This challenge is not unique to any single country. It is a phenomenon observed in many democracies globally, including older democracies, where certain families have historically maintained significant political influence over extended periods.
- Statement 3 is Correct. Since leadership positions are often inherited rather than earned through competitive selection or grassroots work, individuals with inadequate political experience or administrative capability frequently occupy positions of power. This can affect the efficiency and responsiveness of the political party.
Key Takeaway:
Dynastic succession undermines the principle of internal party democracy by replacing transparent, merit-based leadership selection with hereditary control, often leading to a disconnect between the leadership and the grassroots.