The correct option is Communist Party of India .
Explanation
The history of the communist movement in India is marked by ideological debates regarding the nature of the Indian state and international alignments, which led to significant organizational fractures.Historical Analysis:
The Communist Party of India - Marxist (CPI-M) emerged from a major split within the undivided Communist Party of India (CPI) in 1964.
- Ideological Rift: The split was primarily caused by internal differences regarding the Sino-Soviet split (ideological conflict between the Soviet Union and China) and the stance of the Indian communists toward the Sino-Indian War of 1962.
- Formation: A faction within the CPI, often termed the "Leftists" (who were critical of the Dangeist or "Rightist" leadership that supported the Indian government and the Soviet line), broke away to form the CPI(M).
- Event: This division was formalized at the Seventh Congress held in Calcutta (now Kolkata) in late 1964.
Key Takeaway:
The CPI(M) split from the Communist Party of India (CPI) in 1964 due to ideological differences concerning the international communist movement and the Indian state.