Correct Option
The correct option is A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4.
Explanation
Party systems are classified according to the number of effective political parties that compete for and exercise political power.
China is associated with a one-party system because political authority is concentrated under the Communist Party of China. The United States of America is associated with a two-party system due to the dominance of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. India is a multiparty system because several national and regional parties participate meaningfully in electoral politics. Japan is classified as a dominant-party system because the Liberal Democratic Party has historically remained the principal ruling party for long periods despite the presence of opposition parties.
- A. China — 1. One-party system: Correct. Political power is monopolised by a single ruling party.
- B. United States of America — 2. Two-party system: Correct. Two major parties dominate national political competition.
- C. India — 3. Multiparty system: Correct. Multiple parties compete and form governments at the Union and State levels.
- D. Japan — 4. Dominant-party system: Correct. One party has historically dominated electoral politics while other parties continue to exist.
Key Takeaway: China represents a one-party system, the USA a two-party system, India a multiparty system, and Japan a dominant-party system.