The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is a statutory body established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. It functions as a watchdog for the protection of human rights in the country and is vested with specific investigative and recommendatory powers.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The NHRC is vested with all the powers of a civil court trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. These powers explicitly include summoning and enforcing the attendance of witnesses, examining them on oath, and requiring the discovery and production of any document. It can also call for information or reports from the Central or State Governments.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Under Section 12 of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, the Commission is empowered to visit any jail or other institution under the control of the State Government where persons are detained or lodged for purposes of treatment, reformation, or protection. The purpose is to study the living conditions of the inmates and make recommendations thereon.
- Statement 3 is Correct: The Commission's functions are primarily recommendatory in nature. While it cannot punish the violators of human rights directly, it has the power to recommend to the concerned government or authority the payment of compensation or damages to the victim or the complainant.
Key Takeaway:
The NHRC possesses the powers of a civil court for inquiry purposes, including summoning witnesses, but its core function remains recommendatory; it cannot enforce decisions or award punishment directly.