Correct Option
The correct option is 2 only
Explanation
The city of Vijayanagara (now Hampi) was strategically located in the Deccan Plateau. Its geographical setting played a crucial role in its defense and water management systems.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: Vijayanagara is located in the natural basin formed by the river Tungabhadra, not the Kaveri. The Tungabhadra River flows in a north-easterly direction through the rugged terrain. The Kaveri River basin is located significantly further south in the peninsula.
- Statement 2 is Correct: The landscape surrounding the city is characterized by massive granite hills that form a natural girdle around the settlement. These rocky outcrops provided natural fortification, which the rulers integrated into their defensive walls. Numerous streams flow down from these hills into the river, facilitating the creation of embankments and reservoirs.
Key Takeaway: The Vijayanagara capital was situated on the banks of the Tungabhadra River (a tributary of the Krishna), utilizing the natural defense provided by the surrounding granite hills.