Consider the following Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution: 1. Right to Equality 2. Right to Freedom 3. Right against Exploitation 4. Right to Vote How many of the above are explicitly listed as Fundamental Rights in the chapter? Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The correct option is (a) 1, 2 and 3 only. Explanation Part III of the Constitution of India (Articles 12 to 35) guarantees six specific categories of Fundamental Rights. These rights are justiciable and are protected against state action. Rights not included in this specific part, even if mentioned elsewhere in the Constitution, are not classified as Fundamental Rights. Analysis of the Rights: - 1. Right to Equality (Correct): This is explicitly listed as a Fundamental Right covering Articles 14 to 18. It includes equality before the law, prohibition of discrimination, equality of opportunity in public employment, abolition of untouchability, and abolition of titles. - 2. Right to Freedom (Correct): This is a distinct category of Fundamental Rights covering Articles 19 to 22. It encompasses freedom of speech and expression, protection in respect of conviction for offences, protection of life and personal liberty, and protection against arrest and detention. - 3. Right against Exploitation (Correct): This is explicitly listed under Articles 23 and 24. It prohibits traffic in human beings, forced labour (begar), and the employment of children in factories or mines. - 4. Right to Vote (Incorrect): The Right to Vote is not a Fundamental Right under Part III. It is a Constitutional Right derived from Article 326, which provides for universal adult suffrage. It is a legal right shaped by the Representation of the People Act, 1951, but it does not carry the specific enforceability under Article 32 that Fundamental Rights possess. Key Takeaway: The six categories of Fundamental Rights are Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and Educational Rights, and Right to Constitutional Remedies. Rights such as the Right to Vote or Right to Property are Constitutional or Legal rights, not Fundamental Rights.

NCERT Class 8 Political Science — Chapter 1: The Indian Constitution

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Consider the following Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution:

Right to Equality
Right to Freedom
Right against Exploitation
Right to Vote

How many of the above are explicitly listed as Fundamental Rights in the chapter? Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

A1, 2 and 3 only
B2, 3 and 4 only
C1 and 4 only
D1, 2, 3 and 4

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is (a) 1, 2 and 3 only.

Explanation

Part III of the Constitution of India (Articles 12 to 35) guarantees six specific categories of Fundamental Rights. These rights are justiciable and are protected against state action. Rights not included in this specific part, even if mentioned elsewhere in the Constitution, are not classified as Fundamental Rights.

Analysis of the Rights:

1. Right to Equality (Correct): This is explicitly listed as a Fundamental Right covering Articles 14 to 18. It includes equality before the law, prohibition of discrimination, equality of opportunity in public employment, abolition of untouchability, and abolition of titles.
2. Right to Freedom (Correct): This is a distinct category of Fundamental Rights covering Articles 19 to 22. It encompasses freedom of speech and expression, protection in respect of conviction for offences, protection of life and personal liberty, and protection against arrest and detention.
3. Right against Exploitation (Correct): This is explicitly listed under Articles 23 and 24. It prohibits traffic in human beings, forced labour (begar), and the employment of children in factories or mines.
4. Right to Vote (Incorrect): The Right to Vote is not a Fundamental Right under Part III. It is a Constitutional Right derived from Article 326, which provides for universal adult suffrage. It is a legal right shaped by the Representation of the People Act, 1951, but it does not carry the specific enforceability under Article 32 that Fundamental Rights possess.

Key Takeaway: The six categories of Fundamental Rights are Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and Educational Rights, and Right to Constitutional Remedies. Rights such as the Right to Vote or Right to Property are Constitutional or Legal rights, not Fundamental Rights.

Your note

More from Chapter 1: The Indian Constitution

With reference to the concept of 'Constitutive Rules' in a society, consider the following: 1. They define the fundamental nature of a society. 2. They are temporary rules that change with every election. 3. In modern large societies, these rules are typically formulated through consensus. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Consider the following statements regarding the historical evolution of the Indian Constitution: 1. The demand for a Constituent Assembly was first made by the British Government in 1934. 2. The Constituent Assembly was convened for the first time in December 1946. 3. The drafting of the Constitution was completed between December 1946 and November 1949. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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From the perspective of constitutional governance, what is the central purpose of adopting a Constitution in a democracy?

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Consider the following assertions regarding the political history of Nepal: 1. The 1990 Constitution of Nepal vested final authority in the Council of Ministers. 2. The 2015 Constitution of Nepal was adopted to establish the country as a democracy. 3. The transition from monarchy to democracy did not require any change in the constitutive rules of the state. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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In the Indian Constitution, the safeguards against the misuse of authority by political leaders are primarily enshrined in:

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The correct option is (a) 1, 2 and 3 only.

Explanation

Analysis of the Rights:

1. Right to Equality (Correct): This is explicitly listed as a Fundamental Right covering Articles 14 to 18. It includes equality before the law, prohibition of discrimination, equality of opportunity in public employment, abolition of untouchability, and abolition of titles.
2. Right to Freedom (Correct): This is a distinct category of Fundamental Rights covering Articles 19 to 22. It encompasses freedom of speech and expression, protection in respect of conviction for offences, protection of life and personal liberty, and protection against arrest and detention.
3. Right against Exploitation (Correct): This is explicitly listed under Articles 23 and 24. It prohibits traffic in human beings, forced labour (begar), and the employment of children in factories or mines.
4. Right to Vote (Incorrect): The Right to Vote is not a Fundamental Right under Part III. It is a Constitutional Right derived from Article 326, which provides for universal adult suffrage. It is a legal right shaped by the Representation of the People Act, 1951, but it does not carry the specific enforceability under Article 32 that Fundamental Rights possess.