Correct Option
Assertion (A) states that with an increase in temperature, the viscosity of glycerine increases. For most liquids, including glycerine, viscosity decreases with a rise in temperature. This occurs because increased thermal energy enhances the kinetic energy of molecules, weakening the intermolecular forces that impede flow. Consequently, molecules can move past each other more readily, leading to reduced internal friction and lower viscosity. Therefore, Assertion (A) is false.
Reason (R) states that a rise in temperature increases the kinetic energy of molecules. This is a fundamental principle in physics and thermodynamics. Temperature is a direct measure of the average translational kinetic energy of the constituent particles (atoms or molecules) within a system. Thus, an increase in temperature invariably corresponds to an increase in the average kinetic energy of the molecules. Therefore, Reason (R) is true.
Given that Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true, option (d) accurately reflects the situation.
Incorrect Options
Options (1) and (2) are incorrect because Assertion (A) is false. Viscosity of glycerine, like most liquids, decreases with an increase in temperature, not increases.
Option (3) is incorrect because Reason (R) is true. An increase in temperature directly leads to an increase in the average kinetic energy of molecules, making the statement factually correct.