Correct Option
The correct option is 2 only
Explanation
The architecture of a congregational mosque (Jama Masjid) in the Indo-Islamic style follows a standard plan designed to facilitate congregational prayers. The layout is oriented towards Mecca, which determines the placement of key architectural elements such as the Qibla, Mihrab, and Mimbar.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: In the context of India, Mecca lies to the West. Therefore, the Qibla (the direction of prayer) is towards the West. The Qibla Liwan refers to the main prayer hall or sanctuary of the mosque. To allow worshippers to face West while praying, this hall is situated on the western side of the courtyard (Sahn).
- Statement 2 is Correct: The Mihrab is an architectural niche or indentation in the Qibla wall (the western wall in India). Its primary function is to indicate the direction of Mecca (Qibla) for the congregation. It is not used for delivering sermons.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The Mimbar is a stepped pulpit located to the right of the Mihrab. It is the platform from which the Imam delivers the Khutba (sermon) during Friday prayers. It does not indicate the direction of prayer; that is the function of the Mihrab.
Key Takeaway
Key Takeaway: In Indo-Islamic mosque architecture, the Mihrab indicates the direction of prayer (Qibla), while the Mimbar is the pulpit used for delivering sermons.