Names are deleted only upon the death of a voter.
Explanation
In a democratic election system, the list of eligible voters is prepared prior to the polling process to ensure transparency and order. This list is officially termed the Electoral Roll and is commonly referred to as the Voters' List. Its preparation, revision, and maintenance are governed by the Representation of the People Act, 1950, under the superintendence of the Election Commission of India.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement It is officially known as the Electoral Roll. is Correct: The official legal document containing the names of registered voters for a specific constituency is formally known as the Electoral Roll.
- Statement It is prepared before the election process begins. is Correct: The preparation of the Electoral Roll is a mandatory prerequisite for holding elections. It is updated and finalized before the election process formally commences to ensure that all eligible citizens are included.
- Statement Names are deleted only upon the death of a voter. is Incorrect: The deletion of names from the Electoral Roll is not limited to the death of a voter. Names are also removed for other valid reasons, including:
- Change of Residence: When a voter shifts their ordinary residence out of the constituency.
- Disqualification: If a person is declared of unsound mind by a competent court or is disqualified due to corrupt practices or election offenses.
- Duplicate Entries: If a voter is found to be registered in more than one constituency.
- Statement It undergoes revision to include new voters. is Correct: The Electoral Roll is a dynamic document. It undergoes periodic revision (Special Summary Revision) to include new voters who have attained the qualifying age of 18 years or have moved into the constituency.
Key Takeaway:
The Electoral Roll is revised continuously to maintain accuracy. Deletion of entries occurs for multiple reasons, including migration, disqualification, and death, ensuring the list reflects the current eligible electorate.