It was 27% in 2020-21.
Explanation
The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education is a statistical measure used to determine the number of students enrolled in higher education at several levels (undergraduate, postgraduate, etc.) expressed as a percentage of the eligible official population in a specific age group.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement It is calculated for the age group 15-19 years. is Incorrect: In India, the GER for higher education is calculated for the age group 18-23 years. The 15-19 age group typically corresponds to the secondary and senior secondary education levels.
- Statement It was 27% in 2020-21. is Correct: According to the All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) 2020-21, the GER in higher education was recorded at 27.3% (often rounded to 27%). This marked an increase from previous years.
- Statement It is significantly higher than the world average. is Incorrect: India's GER of approximately 27% is lower than the global average, which is estimated to be around 38-40%. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 aims to raise India's GER to 50% by 2035.
- Statement It focuses only on technical education. is Incorrect: GER accounts for enrolment in all streams of higher education, including Arts, Science, Commerce, and Vocational studies, not exclusively technical education.
Key Takeaway:
The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) for higher education in India is based on the 18-23 years population demographic and stood at 27.3% in 2020-21.