The correct option is Aneroid barometer.
Explanation
Atmospheric pressure is the weight of the column of air at any given place and time. It is a fundamental meteorological variable measured using specific instruments known as barometers.
- Aneroid Barometer: This is the correct instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure. Unlike mercury barometers, an aneroid barometer does not use liquid. It contains a sealed metal chamber that expands or contracts with changes in air pressure, which is then translated into a reading on a dial.
- Thermometer: This instrument is used to measure temperature, not pressure.
- Anemometer: This instrument is used to measure wind speed.
- Hygrometer: This instrument is used to measure the humidity or moisture content in the atmosphere.
Key Takeaway: The standard instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure is the barometer (including mercury and aneroid types), whereas anemometers measure wind speed and hygrometers measure humidity.