The correct option is The Delimitation Commission.
Explanation
Delimitation is the act or process of fixing limits or boundaries of territorial constituencies in a country to represent changes in population. In India, this exercise is carried out by a high-power body known as the Delimitation Commission, which is a statutory body established by the Central Government.
Detailed Analysis:
- The Delimitation Commission The Delimitation Commission: Under Article 82 of the Constitution, the Parliament enacts a Delimitation Act after every Census. Based on this Act, the Central Government constitutes a Delimitation Commission. This commission works in close collaboration with the Election Commission of India to determine the boundaries of constituencies for Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies. Its orders have the force of law and cannot be called in question before any court.
- The Planning Commission The Planning Commission: This was a non-constitutional body responsible for formulating India's Five-Year Plans. It had no role in electoral boundary determination. It has been replaced by NITI Aayog.
- The Census Commission The Census Commission: The Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner conducts the decennial Census. While the data provided by the Census is the basis for delimitation, the Census Commission itself does not determine constituency boundaries.
- The Finance Commission The Finance Commission: Constituted under Article 280, this constitutional body recommends the distribution of financial resources between the Union and the States. It is unrelated to electoral boundaries.
Key Takeaway:
The Delimitation Commission is appointed by the President of India and works in collaboration with the Election Commission of India. Its primary function is to redraw the boundaries of various assembly and Lok Sabha constituencies based on the recent census data.