The correct option is toranas.
Explanation
The Indo-Islamic architecture of Gujarat (14th-16th century) represents a distinct Provincial Style characterized by a profound synthesis of Islamic requirements with indigenous Hindu and Jain architectural traditions. Due to the reliance on local guilds of artisans, many structural and decorative elements from the local temple tradition were seamlessly integrated into mosques and tombs.
Detailed Analysis:
- toranas Toranas (Correct): The torana is a ceremonial arched gateway common in the temple architecture of Western India. In the Gujarat style, this element was significantly incorporated into Islamic buildings. It was adapted to frame the central aisles, entrances, and mihrabs (prayer niches) of mosques. The Jami Masjid in Ahmedabad and the Jami Masjid in Champaner are prime examples where the facade utilizes the torana motif and trabecate (lintel and beam) construction.
- gopuram Gopuram (Incorrect): The gopuram is a monumental entrance tower characteristic of the Dravidian style of temple architecture found in South India. It is not a feature of the local architectural tradition of Gujarat.
- amalaka Amalaka (Incorrect): The amalaka is a segmented, ribbed stone disk that sits atop the main tower (shikhara) of a Nagara style temple. While decorative motifs were borrowed, the amalaka is a specific religious architectural component of a temple spire, which was replaced by the dome in Islamic architecture.
- rekha-shikhara Rekha-shikhara (Incorrect): This refers to the curvilinear superstructure over the sanctum of a Nagara temple. Islamic buildings utilize domes and vaults for roofing rather than the solid, towering shikhara structure.
Key Takeaway:
The Gujarat Provincial Style is unique for its extensive use of the trabecate system (pillars and lintels) and the adaptation of the torana (gateway) motif into the facades and prayer niches of mosques.