Correct Option
The correct option is Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabhas..
Explanation
The Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam refers to the Constitution (106th Amendment) Act, 2023. This legislation aims to enhance women's political representation by reserving one-third of the seats in the directly elected houses of Parliament and State Legislatures.
Detailed Analysis
- Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabhas. is Correct: The Act mandates reservation of 33% of seats for women in the Lok Sabha (House of the People), State Legislative Assemblies (Vidhan Sabhas), and the Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. It introduces new Articles (such as 330A and 332A) to the Constitution to effect these changes.
- Government jobs only. is Incorrect: The Act is strictly related to legislative representation. Reservation in government jobs is governed by Article 16 of the Constitution and specific statutory rules, not this Amendment.
- Panchayats and Municipalities only. is Incorrect: Reservation for women in Panchayats and Municipalities was already established under the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts (1992), which mandated a minimum of one-third reservation in local bodies. The 2023 Act does not deal with local bodies.
- Rajya Sabha and Legislative Councils. is Incorrect: The reservation provided under this Act does not extend to the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) or the State Legislative Councils (Vidhan Parishads).
Key Takeaway: The Constitution (106th Amendment) Act, 2023 provides 33% reservation for women in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies. It will come into effect after the delimitation exercise is undertaken following the first census after the Act's commencement and includes a sunset clause of 15 years.